diff --git a/package.json b/package.json
index 2af4b1c..5bc57ca 100644
--- a/package.json
+++ b/package.json
@@ -78,15 +78,25 @@
       "json",
       "ts"
     ],
-    "rootDir": "src",
-    "testRegex": ".*\\.spec\\.ts$",
+    "rootDir": ".",
+    "testMatch": [
+      "<rootDir>/test/**/*.spec.ts"
+    ],
     "transform": {
-      "^.+\\.(t|j)s$": "ts-jest"
+      "^.+\\.(t|j)s$": [
+        "ts-jest",
+        {
+          "tsconfig": "<rootDir>/test/tsconfig.json"
+        }
+      ]
+    },
+    "moduleNameMapper": {
+      "^@/(.*)$": "<rootDir>/src/$1"
     },
     "collectCoverageFrom": [
-      "**/*.(t|j)s"
+      "src/**/*.(t|j)s"
     ],
-    "coverageDirectory": "../coverage",
+    "coverageDirectory": "coverage",
     "testEnvironment": "node"
   }
 }
diff --git a/src/admin/admin.module.ts b/src/admin/admin.module.ts
index 9d76399..dcad556 100644
--- a/src/admin/admin.module.ts
+++ b/src/admin/admin.module.ts
@@ -22,7 +22,6 @@ import { AdminUserManageController } from './user/admin-user-manage.controller';
 import { AdminUserController } from './user/admin-user.controller';
 import { AdminUser } from './user/admin-user.entity';
 import { AdminUserService } from './user/admin-user.service';
-import { ToolsService } from '@/common';
 import { MinioClientModule } from '@/minio/minio.module';
 import { WordpressModule } from '@/wordpress/wordpress.module';
 
@@ -58,7 +57,6 @@ import { WordpressModule } from '@/wordpress/wordpress.module';
     AdminRoleService,
     AdminTimezoneService,
     AdminUserService,
-    ToolsService,
   ],
 })
 export class AdminModule {}
diff --git a/src/admin/admin.types.ts b/src/admin/admin.types.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4f9f877
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/admin/admin.types.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+import type { Request } from 'express';
+import type { AdminMenu } from './menu/admin-menu.entity';
+import type { AdminRole } from './role/admin-role.entity';
+import type { AdminUser } from './user/admin-user.entity';
+
+export type AdminDemoTableRow = {
+  available: boolean;
+  category: string;
+  color: string;
+  currency: string;
+  description: string;
+  id: string;
+  imageUrl: string;
+  imageUrl2: string;
+  inProduction: boolean;
+  open: boolean;
+  price: string;
+  productName: string;
+  quantity: number;
+  rating: number;
+  releaseDate: string;
+  status: string;
+  tags: string[];
+  weight: number;
+};
+
+export type AdminDictItem = {
+  childrenCode?: string | null;
+  label: string;
+  value: string;
+};
+
+export type AdminDictGroupItem = {
+  dictCode: string;
+  id: string;
+  itemCount: number;
+  label: string;
+  value: string;
+};
+
+export type AdminDictSerialized = {
+  childrenCode?: string | null;
+  createTime?: Date;
+  dictCode: string;
+  id: string;
+  label: string;
+  sort?: number;
+  status?: number;
+  updateTime?: Date;
+  value: string;
+};
+
+export type AdminDictTreeItem = AdminDictSerialized & {
+  children?: AdminDictTreeItem[];
+  treeKey: string;
+};
+
+export type AdminMenuMeta = Record<string, any>;
+
+export type AdminMenuType = 'button' | 'catalog' | 'embedded' | 'link' | 'menu';
+
+export type AdminMenuInput = Partial<AdminMenu> & {
+  activePath?: string;
+  linkSrc?: string;
+};
+
+export type AdminRequest = Request & {
+  adminUser?: AdminUser;
+};
+
+export type AdminRoleInput = Partial<AdminRole> & {
+  permissions?: string[];
+};
+
+export type AdminRoleListQuery = Record<string, any>;
+
+export type AdminTokenPayload = {
+  exp: number;
+  iat: number;
+  sub: string;
+  type: 'access' | 'refresh';
+  username: string;
+};
+
+export type AdminUserInput = Partial<AdminUser> & {
+  roleIds?: string[];
+};
+
+export type AdminUserListQuery = Record<string, any>;
diff --git a/src/admin/auth/admin-auth.service.ts b/src/admin/auth/admin-auth.service.ts
index a35c734..47f4bae 100644
--- a/src/admin/auth/admin-auth.service.ts
+++ b/src/admin/auth/admin-auth.service.ts
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import { HttpStatus, Injectable } from '@nestjs/common';
 import { InjectRepository } from '@nestjs/typeorm';
 import type { Request, Response } from 'express';
 import { Repository } from 'typeorm';
-import { throwVbenError } from '@/common';
+import { throwVbenError, ToolsService } from '@/common';
 import { AdminUser } from '../user/admin-user.entity';
 import { AdminTokenService } from './admin-token.service';
 
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ export class AdminAuthService {
     @InjectRepository(AdminUser)
     private readonly userRepository: Repository<AdminUser>,
     private readonly tokenService: AdminTokenService,
+    private readonly toolsService: ToolsService,
   ) {}
 
   async login(username?: string, password?: string) {
@@ -60,8 +61,8 @@ export class AdminAuthService {
 
   async currentUser(authHeader?: string, req?: Request) {
     const tokens = [
-      this.readBearerToken(authHeader),
-      this.readCookie(req, ACCESS_TOKEN_COOKIE),
+      this.toolsService.readBearerToken(authHeader),
+      this.toolsService.readCookie(req, ACCESS_TOKEN_COOKIE),
     ].filter((token): token is string => !!token);
     const payload = tokens
       .map((token) => this.tokenService.verifyAccessToken(token))
@@ -78,12 +79,13 @@ export class AdminAuthService {
         status: 1,
       },
     });
-    if (!user) throwVbenError('Unauthorized Exception', HttpStatus.UNAUTHORIZED);
+    if (!user)
+      throwVbenError('Unauthorized Exception', HttpStatus.UNAUTHORIZED);
     return user;
   }
 
   getRefreshTokenFromRequest(req: Request) {
-    return this.readCookie(req, REFRESH_TOKEN_COOKIE);
+    return this.toolsService.readCookie(req, REFRESH_TOKEN_COOKIE);
   }
 
   setAccessTokenCookie(res: Response, token: string) {
@@ -119,23 +121,6 @@ export class AdminAuthService {
     });
   }
 
-  private readBearerToken(authHeader?: string) {
-    if (!authHeader?.startsWith('Bearer ')) return null;
-    return authHeader.split(' ')[1];
-  }
-
-  private readCookie(req: Request | undefined, cookieName: string) {
-    const cookie = req?.headers.cookie || '';
-    const cookies = cookie
-      .split(';')
-      .reduce<Record<string, string>>((acc, item) => {
-        const [key, ...value] = item.trim().split('=');
-        if (key) acc[key] = decodeURIComponent(value.join('='));
-        return acc;
-      }, {});
-    return cookies[cookieName];
-  }
-
   private getTokenCookieOptions() {
     const secure = process.env.ADMIN_COOKIE_SECURE === 'true';
     return {
diff --git a/src/admin/auth/admin-token.service.ts b/src/admin/auth/admin-token.service.ts
index efca004..eb502e7 100644
--- a/src/admin/auth/admin-token.service.ts
+++ b/src/admin/auth/admin-token.service.ts
@@ -1,14 +1,7 @@
 import { Injectable } from '@nestjs/common';
 import { ConfigService } from '@nestjs/config';
 import { createHmac, timingSafeEqual } from 'crypto';
-
-export type AdminTokenPayload = {
-  exp: number;
-  iat: number;
-  sub: string;
-  type: 'access' | 'refresh';
-  username: string;
-};
+import type { AdminTokenPayload } from '../admin.types';
 
 @Injectable()
 export class AdminTokenService {
diff --git a/src/admin/auth/jwt-auth.guard.ts b/src/admin/auth/jwt-auth.guard.ts
index 2507891..0ff285e 100644
--- a/src/admin/auth/jwt-auth.guard.ts
+++ b/src/admin/auth/jwt-auth.guard.ts
@@ -1,17 +1,8 @@
-import {
-  CanActivate,
-  ExecutionContext,
-  Injectable,
-} from '@nestjs/common';
+import { CanActivate, ExecutionContext, Injectable } from '@nestjs/common';
 import { Reflector } from '@nestjs/core';
-import type { Request } from 'express';
-import { AdminUser } from '../user/admin-user.entity';
 import { AdminAuthService } from './admin-auth.service';
 import { IS_PUBLIC_KEY } from '@/common';
-
-type AdminRequest = Request & {
-  adminUser?: AdminUser;
-};
+import type { AdminRequest } from '../admin.types';
 
 @Injectable()
 export class JwtAuthGuard implements CanActivate {
diff --git a/src/admin/component/component.controller.ts b/src/admin/component/component.controller.ts
index 739cda5..ecab7fa 100644
--- a/src/admin/component/component.controller.ts
+++ b/src/admin/component/component.controller.ts
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ import {
   ApiModelResponse,
   ApiPageResponse,
   ApiSuccessResponse,
+  type KtPageParams,
   ToolsService,
 } from '@/common';
 import { JwtAuthGuard } from '../auth/jwt-auth.guard';
@@ -45,7 +46,7 @@ const componentExample = {
 
 class CompPageDto
   extends PartialType(Component)
-  implements PageParams<Component>
+  implements KtPageParams<Component>
 {
   @ApiProperty({
     type: Number,
@@ -83,7 +84,7 @@ export class ComponentController {
   @ApiPageResponse(Component, [componentExample], 1)
   async getList(
     @Res() res,
-    @Query() { pageNo, pageSize, ...args }: PageParams<Component>,
+    @Query() { pageNo, pageSize, ...args }: KtPageParams<Component>,
   ): Promise<PaginatedDto<Component>> {
     const list = await this.componentService.page({
       pageNo,
diff --git a/src/admin/component/component.service.ts b/src/admin/component/component.service.ts
index 1948855..ca276a4 100644
--- a/src/admin/component/component.service.ts
+++ b/src/admin/component/component.service.ts
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import { Injectable } from '@nestjs/common';
 import { InjectRepository } from '@nestjs/typeorm';
 import { Repository } from 'typeorm';
 import { Component } from './component.entity';
-import { ToolsService } from '@/common';
+import { ToolsService, type KtPage, type KtPageParams } from '@/common';
 import { isNumber, omit, pick } from 'lodash';
 import { DictService } from '@/admin/dict/dict.service';
 
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ export class ComponentService {
     pageNo,
     pageSize,
     ...args
-  }: PageParams<Component>): Promise<Page<Component>> {
+  }: KtPageParams<Component>): Promise<KtPage<Component>> {
     await this.dictService.refreshDecodeCache();
 
     const hasOwnEntity = new Component();
diff --git a/src/admin/dict/dict.module.ts b/src/admin/dict/dict.module.ts
index ff6c4e1..8022a77 100644
--- a/src/admin/dict/dict.module.ts
+++ b/src/admin/dict/dict.module.ts
@@ -3,13 +3,12 @@ import { TypeOrmModule } from '@nestjs/typeorm';
 import { AdminAuthGuardModule } from '../auth/admin-auth-guard.module';
 import { DictController } from './dict.controller';
 import { DictService } from './dict.service';
-import { ToolsService } from '@/common';
 import { AdminDict } from './admin-dict.entity';
 
 @Module({
   imports: [AdminAuthGuardModule, TypeOrmModule.forFeature([AdminDict])],
   controllers: [DictController],
-  providers: [DictService, ToolsService],
+  providers: [DictService],
   exports: [DictService],
 })
 export class DictModule {}
diff --git a/src/admin/dict/dict.service.ts b/src/admin/dict/dict.service.ts
index 62e5e27..a974dfd 100644
--- a/src/admin/dict/dict.service.ts
+++ b/src/admin/dict/dict.service.ts
@@ -1,59 +1,40 @@
 import { HttpStatus, Injectable, OnApplicationBootstrap } from '@nestjs/common';
 import { InjectRepository } from '@nestjs/typeorm';
 import { Brackets, Repository } from 'typeorm';
-import { setDictDecodeCache, throwVbenError } from '@/common';
+import {
+  setDictDecodeCache,
+  throwVbenError,
+  ToolsService,
+  type KtDictOption,
+} from '@/common';
 import { AdminDict } from './admin-dict.entity';
 import {
   AdminDictBodyDto,
   AdminDictQueryDto,
   AdminDictUpdateDto,
 } from './dict.dto';
+import type {
+  AdminDictGroupItem,
+  AdminDictItem,
+  AdminDictSerialized,
+  AdminDictTreeItem,
+} from '../admin.types';
 
 const COMPONENT_TYPE_DICT_KEY = 'COMPONENT_TYPE';
 
-export type AdminDictItem = {
-  childrenCode?: string | null;
-  label: string;
-  value: string;
-};
-
-export type AdminDictGroupItem = {
-  dictCode: string;
-  id: string;
-  itemCount: number;
-  label: string;
-  value: string;
-};
-
-type AdminDictSerialized = {
-  childrenCode?: string | null;
-  createTime?: Date;
-  dictCode: string;
-  id: string;
-  label: string;
-  sort?: number;
-  status?: number;
-  updateTime?: Date;
-  value: string;
-};
-
-export type AdminDictTreeItem = AdminDictSerialized & {
-  children?: AdminDictTreeItem[];
-  treeKey: string;
-};
-
 @Injectable()
 export class DictService implements OnApplicationBootstrap {
   constructor(
     @InjectRepository(AdminDict)
     private readonly dictRepository: Repository<AdminDict>,
+    private readonly toolsService: ToolsService,
   ) {}
 
   async onApplicationBootstrap() {
     await this.refreshDecodeCache();
   }
 
-  async getDictByKey(dictKey: string): Promise<Dict[]> {
+  async getDictByKey(dictKey: string): Promise<KtDictOption[]> {
     const list = await this.getDictItemsByKey(dictKey);
 
     return list.map(({ label, value }) => ({
@@ -63,13 +44,16 @@ export class DictService implements OnApplicationBootstrap {
   }
 
   async page(query: AdminDictQueryDto = {}) {
-    const pageNo = this.toPositiveNumber(query.pageNo ?? query.page, 1);
-    const pageSize = this.toPositiveNumber(query.pageSize, 20);
+    const pageNo = this.toolsService.toPositiveNumber(
+      query.pageNo ?? query.page,
+      1,
+    );
+    const pageSize = this.toolsService.toPositiveNumber(query.pageSize, 20);
     const builder = this.dictRepository
       .createQueryBuilder('dict')
       .where('dict.isDeleted = :isDeleted', { isDeleted: false });
 
-    const keyword = this.normalizeText(query.keyword);
+    const keyword = this.toolsService.toTrimmedString(query.keyword);
     if (keyword) {
       builder.andWhere(
         new Brackets((subBuilder) => {
@@ -132,13 +116,16 @@ export class DictService implements OnApplicationBootstrap {
   }
 
   async groups(query: AdminDictQueryDto = {}) {
-    const pageNo = this.toPositiveNumber(query.pageNo ?? query.page, 1);
-    const pageSize = this.toPositiveNumber(query.pageSize, 20);
+    const pageNo = this.toolsService.toPositiveNumber(
+      query.pageNo ?? query.page,
+      1,
+    );
+    const pageSize = this.toolsService.toPositiveNumber(query.pageSize, 20);
     const builder = this.dictRepository
       .createQueryBuilder('dict')
       .where('dict.isDeleted = :isDeleted', { isDeleted: false });
 
-    const keyword = this.normalizeText(query.keyword);
+    const keyword = this.toolsService.toTrimmedString(query.keyword);
     if (keyword) {
       builder.andWhere('dict.dictCode LIKE :keyword', {
         keyword: `%${keyword}%`,
@@ -206,7 +193,7 @@ export class DictService implements OnApplicationBootstrap {
   }
 
   async update(body: AdminDictUpdateDto) {
-    const id = this.normalizeText(body.id);
+    const id = this.toolsService.toTrimmedString(body.id);
     if (!id) throwVbenError('字典项ID不能为空', HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST);
 
     const dict = await this.dictRepository.findOne({
@@ -240,7 +227,7 @@ export class DictService implements OnApplicationBootstrap {
   }
 
   async remove(id: string) {
-    const normalizedId = this.normalizeText(id);
+    const normalizedId = this.toolsService.toTrimmedString(id);
     if (!normalizedId)
       throwVbenError('字典项ID不能为空', HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST);
 
@@ -291,7 +278,7 @@ export class DictService implements OnApplicationBootstrap {
     }));
   }
 
-  async getComponentDictByType(type: number): Promise<Dict[]> {
+  async getComponentDictByType(type: number): Promise<KtDictOption[]> {
     // 一级类型的 childrenCode 决定二级字典来源，避免在代码里维护 1 -> CHART 这类关系。
     const componentType = await this.dictRepository.findOne({
       where: {
@@ -337,7 +324,7 @@ export class DictService implements OnApplicationBootstrap {
     >,
     value?: string,
   ) {
-    const normalizedValue = this.normalizeText(value);
+    const normalizedValue = this.toolsService.toTrimmedString(value);
     if (!normalizedValue) return;
 
     builder.andWhere(`dict.${field} LIKE :${field}`, {
@@ -361,7 +348,7 @@ export class DictService implements OnApplicationBootstrap {
     const dictCodes = new Set(items.map((item) => item.dictCode));
     const referencedCodes = new Set(
       items
-        .map((item) => this.normalizeText(item.childrenCode))
+        .map((item) => this.toolsService.toTrimmedString(item.childrenCode))
         .filter((childrenCode) => childrenCode && dictCodes.has(childrenCode)),
     );
     const rootCodes = [...dictCodes].filter(
@@ -387,7 +374,7 @@ export class DictService implements OnApplicationBootstrap {
     treeKey: string,
     pathCodes: Set<string>,
   ): AdminDictTreeItem {
-    const childrenCode = this.normalizeText(item.childrenCode);
+    const childrenCode = this.toolsService.toTrimmedString(item.childrenCode);
     const children =
       childrenCode && !pathCodes.has(childrenCode)
         ? byDictCode.get(childrenCode)
@@ -458,7 +445,7 @@ export class DictService implements OnApplicationBootstrap {
       ),
     );
 
-    const childrenCode = this.normalizeText(item.childrenCode);
+    const childrenCode = this.toolsService.toTrimmedString(item.childrenCode);
     if (!childrenCode) return;
 
     const children = byDictCode.get(childrenCode) || [];
@@ -488,7 +475,7 @@ export class DictService implements OnApplicationBootstrap {
     const map = new Map<string, AdminDictSerialized[]>();
 
     items.forEach((item) => {
-      const childrenCode = this.normalizeText(item.childrenCode);
+      const childrenCode = this.toolsService.toTrimmedString(item.childrenCode);
       if (!childrenCode) return;
 
       const list = map.get(childrenCode) || [];
@@ -507,7 +494,7 @@ export class DictService implements OnApplicationBootstrap {
         query.keyword,
         query.label,
         query.value,
-      ].some((value) => !!this.normalizeText(value)) ||
+      ].some((value) => !!this.toolsService.toTrimmedString(value)) ||
       ['0', '1'].includes(String(query.status))
     );
   }
@@ -516,11 +503,11 @@ export class DictService implements OnApplicationBootstrap {
     item: AdminDictSerialized,
     query: AdminDictQueryDto,
   ) {
-    const keyword = this.normalizeText(query.keyword);
+    const keyword = this.toolsService.toTrimmedString(query.keyword);
     if (
       keyword &&
       ![item.childrenCode, item.dictCode, item.label, item.value].some(
-        (value) => this.includesText(value, keyword),
+        (value) => this.toolsService.includesText(value, keyword),
       )
     ) {
       return false;
@@ -542,32 +529,25 @@ export class DictService implements OnApplicationBootstrap {
     value: number | string | null | undefined,
     keyword?: string,
   ) {
-    const normalizedKeyword = this.normalizeText(keyword);
+    const normalizedKeyword = this.toolsService.toTrimmedString(keyword);
     if (!normalizedKeyword) return true;
 
-    return this.includesText(value, normalizedKeyword);
-  }
-
-  private includesText(
-    value: number | string | null | undefined,
-    keyword: string,
-  ) {
-    return this.normalizeText(value)
-      .toLowerCase()
-      .includes(keyword.toLowerCase());
+    return this.toolsService.includesText(value, normalizedKeyword);
   }
 
   private normalizeInput(body: AdminDictBodyDto): Partial<AdminDict> {
-    const dictCode = this.normalizeText(body.dictCode);
-    const label = this.normalizeText(body.label);
-    const value = this.normalizeText(body.value);
+    const dictCode = this.toolsService.toTrimmedString(body.dictCode);
+    const label = this.toolsService.toTrimmedString(body.label);
+    const value = this.toolsService.toTrimmedString(body.value);
 
     if (!dictCode) throwVbenError('字典编码不能为空', HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST);
     if (!label) throwVbenError('字典标签不能为空', HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST);
     if (!value) throwVbenError('字典值不能为空', HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST);
 
     return {
-      childrenCode: this.normalizeNullableText(body.childrenCode),
+      childrenCode: this.toolsService.normalizeNullableString(
+        body.childrenCode,
+      ),
       dictCode,
       label,
       sort: Number.isFinite(Number(body.sort)) ? Number(body.sort) : 0,
@@ -576,15 +556,6 @@ export class DictService implements OnApplicationBootstrap {
     };
   }
 
-  private normalizeNullableText(value?: number | string | null) {
-    const text = this.normalizeText(value);
-    return text || null;
-  }
-
-  private normalizeText(value?: number | string | null) {
-    return value === undefined || value === null ? '' : String(value).trim();
-  }
-
   private serializeDict(dict: AdminDict) {
     return {
       childrenCode: dict.childrenCode,
@@ -611,12 +582,4 @@ export class DictService implements OnApplicationBootstrap {
       value: item.dictCode,
     };
   }
-
-  private toPositiveNumber(
-    value: number | string | undefined,
-    fallback: number,
-  ) {
-    const nextValue = Number(value);
-    return Number.isFinite(nextValue) && nextValue > 0 ? nextValue : fallback;
-  }
 }
diff --git a/src/admin/example/admin-example.controller.ts b/src/admin/example/admin-example.controller.ts
index 2721b4d..2722068 100644
--- a/src/admin/example/admin-example.controller.ts
+++ b/src/admin/example/admin-example.controller.ts
@@ -14,57 +14,45 @@ import type { Response } from 'express';
 import { JwtAuthGuard } from '../auth/jwt-auth.guard';
 import { Public, vbenPage, vbenSuccess } from '@/common';
 import { MinioClientService } from '@/minio/minio.service';
-import type { MinioUploadFile } from '@/minio/minio.service';
+import type { MinioUploadFile } from '@/minio/minio.types';
+import type { AdminDemoTableRow } from '../admin.types';
 
-type DemoTableRow = {
-  available: boolean;
-  category: string;
-  color: string;
-  currency: string;
-  description: string;
-  id: string;
-  imageUrl: string;
-  imageUrl2: string;
-  inProduction: boolean;
-  open: boolean;
-  price: string;
-  productName: string;
-  quantity: number;
-  rating: number;
-  releaseDate: string;
-  status: string;
-  tags: string[];
-  weight: number;
-};
+const DEMO_ROWS: AdminDemoTableRow[] = Array.from(
+  { length: 100 },
+  (_, index) => {
+    const sequence = index + 1;
+    const categories = ['Dashboard', 'Form', 'Table', 'Chart', 'Workflow'];
+    const colors = ['Blue', 'Green', 'Purple', 'Orange', 'Slate'];
+    const statuses = ['success', 'warning', 'error'];
 
-const DEMO_ROWS: DemoTableRow[] = Array.from({ length: 100 }, (_, index) => {
-  const sequence = index + 1;
-  const categories = ['Dashboard', 'Form', 'Table', 'Chart', 'Workflow'];
-  const colors = ['Blue', 'Green', 'Purple', 'Orange', 'Slate'];
-  const statuses = ['success', 'warning', 'error'];
-
-  return {
-    available: sequence % 3 !== 0,
-    category: categories[index % categories.length],
-    color: colors[index % colors.length],
-    currency: 'CNY',
-    description: `真实 API 示例数据 ${sequence}`,
-    id: `demo-${String(sequence).padStart(3, '0')}`,
-    imageUrl: 'https://unpkg.com/@vbenjs/static-source@0.1.7/source/logo-v1.webp',
-    imageUrl2:
-      'https://unpkg.com/@vbenjs/static-source@0.1.7/source/avatar-v1.webp',
-    inProduction: sequence % 2 === 0,
-    open: sequence % 4 === 0,
-    price: `${(sequence * 3.6 + 19).toFixed(2)}`,
-    productName: `KT Admin 模板能力 ${sequence}`,
-    quantity: 10 + sequence,
-    rating: Number((3 + (sequence % 20) / 10).toFixed(1)),
-    releaseDate: new Date(2026, index % 12, (index % 28) + 1).toISOString(),
-    status: statuses[index % statuses.length],
-    tags: ['kt', 'admin', categories[index % categories.length].toLowerCase()],
-    weight: Number((1 + sequence / 10).toFixed(2)),
-  };
-});
+    return {
+      available: sequence % 3 !== 0,
+      category: categories[index % categories.length],
+      color: colors[index % colors.length],
+      currency: 'CNY',
+      description: `真实 API 示例数据 ${sequence}`,
+      id: `demo-${String(sequence).padStart(3, '0')}`,
+      imageUrl:
+        'https://unpkg.com/@vbenjs/static-source@0.1.7/source/logo-v1.webp',
+      imageUrl2:
+        'https://unpkg.com/@vbenjs/static-source@0.1.7/source/avatar-v1.webp',
+      inProduction: sequence % 2 === 0,
+      open: sequence % 4 === 0,
+      price: `${(sequence * 3.6 + 19).toFixed(2)}`,
+      productName: `KT Admin 模板能力 ${sequence}`,
+      quantity: 10 + sequence,
+      rating: Number((3 + (sequence % 20) / 10).toFixed(1)),
+      releaseDate: new Date(2026, index % 12, (index % 28) + 1).toISOString(),
+      status: statuses[index % statuses.length],
+      tags: [
+        'kt',
+        'admin',
+        categories[index % categories.length].toLowerCase(),
+      ],
+      weight: Number((1 + sequence / 10).toFixed(2)),
+    };
+  },
+);
 
 @ApiTags('Admin - 示例')
 @Controller()
@@ -85,9 +73,7 @@ export class AdminExampleController {
 
   @Get('table/list')
   @ApiOperation({ summary: '获取示例表格分页列表' })
-  async tableList(
-    @Query() query: Record<string, any>,
-  ) {
+  async tableList(@Query() query: Record<string, any>) {
     const page = Math.max(Number(query.page || 1), 1);
     const pageSize = Math.max(Number(query.pageSize || 10), 1);
     const sorted = this.sortRows([...DEMO_ROWS], query.sortBy, query.sortOrder);
@@ -152,16 +138,24 @@ export class AdminExampleController {
     return vbenSuccess('Test post handler');
   }
 
-  private sortRows(rows: DemoTableRow[], sortBy?: string, sortOrder?: string) {
+  private sortRows(
+    rows: AdminDemoTableRow[],
+    sortBy?: string,
+    sortOrder?: string,
+  ) {
     if (!sortBy || !Object.hasOwn(rows[0], sortBy)) return rows;
 
     return rows.sort((prev, next) => {
       const prevValue = prev[sortBy];
       const nextValue = next[sortBy];
-      const result = String(prevValue).localeCompare(String(nextValue), 'zh-CN', {
-        numeric: true,
-        sensitivity: 'base',
-      });
+      const result = String(prevValue).localeCompare(
+        String(nextValue),
+        'zh-CN',
+        {
+          numeric: true,
+          sensitivity: 'base',
+        },
+      );
 
       return sortOrder === 'desc' ? -result : result;
     });
diff --git a/src/admin/menu/admin-menu.entity.ts b/src/admin/menu/admin-menu.entity.ts
index 360a6f2..4cf022f 100644
--- a/src/admin/menu/admin-menu.entity.ts
+++ b/src/admin/menu/admin-menu.entity.ts
@@ -9,10 +9,7 @@ import {
 } from 'typeorm';
 import { ensureSnowflakeId } from '@/common';
 import { AdminRole } from '../role/admin-role.entity';
-
-export type AdminMenuType = 'button' | 'catalog' | 'embedded' | 'link' | 'menu';
-
-export type AdminMenuMeta = Record<string, any>;
+import type { AdminMenuMeta, AdminMenuType } from '../admin.types';
 
 @Entity('admin_menu')
 export class AdminMenu {
diff --git a/src/admin/menu/admin-menu.service.ts b/src/admin/menu/admin-menu.service.ts
index 580275c..503b226 100644
--- a/src/admin/menu/admin-menu.service.ts
+++ b/src/admin/menu/admin-menu.service.ts
@@ -4,12 +4,8 @@ import { In, Repository } from 'typeorm';
 import { toTree } from '@/common';
 import { WordpressService } from '@/wordpress/wordpress.service';
 import { AdminUser } from '../user/admin-user.entity';
-import { AdminMenu, AdminMenuMeta } from './admin-menu.entity';
-
-type MenuInput = Partial<AdminMenu> & {
-  activePath?: string;
-  linkSrc?: string;
-};
+import { AdminMenu } from './admin-menu.entity';
+import type { AdminMenuInput, AdminMenuMeta } from '../admin.types';
 
 @Injectable()
 export class AdminMenuService {
@@ -64,7 +60,7 @@ export class AdminMenuService {
     return !!menu && (!id || menu.id !== id);
   }
 
-  async createMenu(data: MenuInput) {
+  async createMenu(data: AdminMenuInput) {
     const entity = this.menuRepository.create({
       ...this.normalizeMenuInput(data, true),
     });
@@ -72,7 +68,7 @@ export class AdminMenuService {
     return null;
   }
 
-  async updateMenu(id: string, data: MenuInput) {
+  async updateMenu(id: string, data: AdminMenuInput) {
     await this.menuRepository.update(
       { id },
       {
@@ -168,7 +164,7 @@ export class AdminMenuService {
   }
 
   private normalizeMenuInput(
-    data: MenuInput,
+    data: AdminMenuInput,
     includeEmptyMeta: boolean,
   ): Partial<AdminMenu> {
     const meta = this.normalizeMetaInput(data);
@@ -188,7 +184,7 @@ export class AdminMenuService {
     return menu;
   }
 
-  private normalizeMetaInput(data: MenuInput): AdminMenuMeta {
+  private normalizeMetaInput(data: AdminMenuInput): AdminMenuMeta {
     const meta = this.normalizeMetaValue(data.meta);
 
     // 兼容表单库返回字面量 `meta.title` 的场景，避免更新菜单时把 meta 覆盖为空对象。
diff --git a/src/admin/role/admin-role.service.ts b/src/admin/role/admin-role.service.ts
index 146338f..55a151c 100644
--- a/src/admin/role/admin-role.service.ts
+++ b/src/admin/role/admin-role.service.ts
@@ -4,12 +4,7 @@ import { Repository } from 'typeorm';
 import { throwVbenError } from '@/common';
 import { AdminMenu } from '../menu/admin-menu.entity';
 import { AdminRole } from './admin-role.entity';
-
-type RoleInput = Partial<AdminRole> & {
-  permissions?: string[];
-};
-
-type ListQuery = Record<string, any>;
+import type { AdminRoleInput, AdminRoleListQuery } from '../admin.types';
 
 @Injectable()
 export class AdminRoleService {
@@ -20,7 +15,7 @@ export class AdminRoleService {
     private readonly menuRepository: Repository<AdminMenu>,
   ) {}
 
-  async getRoleList(query: ListQuery) {
+  async getRoleList(query: AdminRoleListQuery) {
     const page = Number(query.page || 1);
     const pageSize = Number(query.pageSize || 20);
     const builder = this.roleRepository
@@ -65,7 +60,7 @@ export class AdminRoleService {
     };
   }
 
-  async createRole(data: RoleInput) {
+  async createRole(data: AdminRoleInput) {
     const role = this.roleRepository.create({
       name: data.name,
       remark: data.remark || '',
@@ -77,7 +72,7 @@ export class AdminRoleService {
     return null;
   }
 
-  async updateRole(id: string, data: RoleInput) {
+  async updateRole(id: string, data: AdminRoleInput) {
     const role = await this.roleRepository.findOne({
       relations: ['menus'],
       where: {
@@ -90,7 +85,8 @@ export class AdminRoleService {
     if (data.name !== undefined) role.name = data.name;
     if (data.remark !== undefined) role.remark = data.remark;
     if (data.status !== undefined) role.status = data.status;
-    if (data.permissions) role.menus = await this.findMenusByIds(data.permissions);
+    if (data.permissions)
+      role.menus = await this.findMenusByIds(data.permissions);
 
     await this.roleRepository.save(role);
     return null;
diff --git a/src/admin/user/admin-user.service.ts b/src/admin/user/admin-user.service.ts
index b7ba53f..b0d7c92 100644
--- a/src/admin/user/admin-user.service.ts
+++ b/src/admin/user/admin-user.service.ts
@@ -5,12 +5,7 @@ import { throwVbenError } from '@/common';
 import { AdminDept } from '../dept/admin-dept.entity';
 import { AdminRole } from '../role/admin-role.entity';
 import { AdminUser } from './admin-user.entity';
-
-type UserInput = Partial<AdminUser> & {
-  roleIds?: string[];
-};
-
-type ListQuery = Record<string, any>;
+import type { AdminUserInput, AdminUserListQuery } from '../admin.types';
 
 @Injectable()
 export class AdminUserService {
@@ -23,7 +18,7 @@ export class AdminUserService {
     private readonly deptRepository: Repository<AdminDept>,
   ) {}
 
-  async getUserList(query: ListQuery) {
+  async getUserList(query: AdminUserListQuery) {
     const page = Number(query.page || 1);
     const pageSize = Number(query.pageSize || 20);
     const builder = this.userRepository
@@ -80,7 +75,7 @@ export class AdminUserService {
     };
   }
 
-  async createUser(data: UserInput) {
+  async createUser(data: AdminUserInput) {
     await this.ensureUsernameAvailable(String(data.username || ''));
 
     const user = this.userRepository.create({
@@ -97,7 +92,7 @@ export class AdminUserService {
     return null;
   }
 
-  async updateUser(id: string, data: UserInput) {
+  async updateUser(id: string, data: AdminUserInput) {
     const user = await this.userRepository.findOne({
       relations: ['roles'],
       where: {
diff --git a/src/app.module.ts b/src/app.module.ts
index f554084..5a874f7 100644
--- a/src/app.module.ts
+++ b/src/app.module.ts
@@ -6,7 +6,11 @@ import { AppService } from './app.service';
 import { TypeOrmModule } from '@nestjs/typeorm';
 import { MinioModule } from 'nestjs-minio-client';
 import { MinioClientModule } from './minio/minio.module';
-import { ApiExceptionFilter, SaveBodyInterceptor } from './common';
+import {
+  ApiExceptionFilter,
+  CommonModule,
+  SaveBodyInterceptor,
+} from './common';
 import { AdminModule } from './admin/admin.module';
 import { WordpressModule } from './wordpress/wordpress.module';
 import { QqbotModule } from './qqbot/qqbot.module';
@@ -49,6 +53,7 @@ import { QqbotModule } from './qqbot/qqbot.module';
       inject: [ConfigService],
     }),
     MinioClientModule,
+    CommonModule,
     AdminModule,
     WordpressModule,
     QqbotModule,
diff --git a/src/common/admin-response.ts b/src/common/admin-response.ts
deleted file mode 100644
index cd47a41..0000000
--- a/src/common/admin-response.ts
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,42 +0,0 @@
-import { HttpException, HttpStatus } from '@nestjs/common';
-
-export type VbenResponse<T = any> = {
-  code: 200;
-  data: T;
-  msg: string;
-};
-
-export type ApiErrorResponse = {
-  code: number;
-  msg: string;
-  err: any;
-};
-
-export const vbenSuccess = <T = any>(
-  data: T,
-  msg = '操作成功',
-): VbenResponse<T> => ({
-  code: 200,
-  data,
-  msg,
-});
-
-export const vbenPage = <T = any>(items: T[], total: number) =>
-  vbenSuccess({
-    items,
-    total,
-  });
-
-export const throwVbenError = (
-  message: string,
-  status = HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST,
-  err: any = message,
-): never => {
-  throw new HttpException(
-    {
-      msg: message,
-      err,
-    },
-    status,
-  );
-};
diff --git a/src/common/common.module.ts b/src/common/common.module.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..64afa3a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/common/common.module.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import { Global, Module } from '@nestjs/common';
+import { ToolsService } from './services/tool.service';
+
+@Global()
+@Module({
+  exports: [ToolsService],
+  providers: [ToolsService],
+})
+export class CommonModule {}
diff --git a/src/common/decorators/decode-dict.decorator.ts b/src/common/decorators/decode-dict.decorator.ts
index e13fb7d..2fe986c 100644
--- a/src/common/decorators/decode-dict.decorator.ts
+++ b/src/common/decorators/decode-dict.decorator.ts
@@ -1,13 +1,8 @@
-type DecodeDictKeyOptions = {
-  fallback?: string;
-  sourceKey?: string;
-  targetKey?: string;
-};
-
-type DictDecodeRule = DecodeDictKeyOptions & {
-  targetKey: string;
-  dictKeys: string[];
-};
+import type {
+  DecodeDictKeyOptions,
+  DictDecodeRule,
+  KtDictOption,
+} from '../types';
 
 const DICT_DECODE_RULES = Symbol('DICT_DECODE_RULES');
 const DICT_DECODE_CACHE = new Map<string, Map<string, string>>();
@@ -78,7 +73,7 @@ export function decodeDictKeys<T extends object>(target: T): T {
 
 // DictService 从数据库刷新缓存后，实体 AfterLoad 可以同步完成字典映射。
 export function setDictDecodeCache(
-  dicts: Array<Dict<{ dictKey: string }>>,
+  dicts: Array<KtDictOption<{ dictKey: string }>>,
 ): void {
   DICT_DECODE_CACHE.clear();
 
diff --git a/src/common/filters/api-exception.filter.ts b/src/common/filters/api-exception.filter.ts
index 0b1d165..a72a90d 100644
--- a/src/common/filters/api-exception.filter.ts
+++ b/src/common/filters/api-exception.filter.ts
@@ -6,14 +6,8 @@ import {
   HttpStatus,
 } from '@nestjs/common';
 import { Response } from 'express';
-import { ApiErrorResponse } from '../admin-response';
-
-type ExceptionBody = {
-  err?: unknown;
-  error?: unknown;
-  message?: unknown;
-  msg?: unknown;
-};
+import { normalizeVbenErrorText } from '../response/vben-response';
+import type { ExceptionBody, KtErrorResponse } from '../types';
 
 @Catch()
 export class ApiExceptionFilter implements ExceptionFilter {
@@ -22,12 +16,13 @@ export class ApiExceptionFilter implements ExceptionFilter {
     const response = ctx.getResponse<Response>();
     const status = this.getStatus(exception);
     const body = this.getBody(exception);
+    const msg = this.getMessage(status, body, exception);
 
     response.status(status).json({
       code: status,
-      msg: this.getMessage(status, body, exception),
-      err: this.getErr(status, body, exception),
-    } satisfies ApiErrorResponse);
+      msg,
+      err: this.getErr(status, body, exception, msg),
+    } satisfies KtErrorResponse);
   }
 
   private getStatus(exception: unknown) {
@@ -65,17 +60,22 @@ export class ApiExceptionFilter implements ExceptionFilter {
     status: number,
     body: ExceptionBody | string | null,
     exception: unknown,
+    fallback: string,
   ) {
-    if (typeof body === 'string') return body;
-    if (body?.err !== undefined) return body.err;
-    if (body?.error !== undefined) return body.error;
-    if (body?.message !== undefined) return body.message;
-    if (exception instanceof Error) return exception.message;
+    if (typeof body === 'string') return normalizeVbenErrorText(body, fallback);
+    if (body?.err !== undefined)
+      return normalizeVbenErrorText(body.err, fallback);
+    if (body?.error !== undefined)
+      return normalizeVbenErrorText(body.error, fallback);
+    if (body?.message !== undefined)
+      return normalizeVbenErrorText(body.message, fallback);
+    if (exception instanceof Error)
+      return normalizeVbenErrorText(exception.message, fallback);
 
     return status >= 500 ? 'Internal server error' : '操作失败';
   }
 
   private stringifyMessage(message: unknown) {
-    return Array.isArray(message) ? message.join('; ') : String(message);
+    return normalizeVbenErrorText(message);
   }
 }
diff --git a/src/common/index.ts b/src/common/index.ts
index 5d4d8b4..2f89687 100644
--- a/src/common/index.ts
+++ b/src/common/index.ts
@@ -1,10 +1,13 @@
-export * from './admin-response';
-export * from './admin-tree';
+export * from './common.module';
 export * from './decorators/current-admin-user.decorator';
 export * from './decorators/decode-dict.decorator';
 export * from './decorators/public.decorator';
 export * from './filters/api-exception.filter';
 export * from './interceptors/save-body.interceptor';
-export * from './snowflake-id';
+export * from './response/vben-response';
 export * from './services/tool.service';
+export * from './snowflake/snowflake-id';
+export * from './snowflake/snowflake-id.subscriber';
 export * from './swagger/swagger-response';
+export * from './tree/tree.util';
+export * from './types';
diff --git a/src/common/response/vben-response.ts b/src/common/response/vben-response.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e224321
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/common/response/vben-response.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+import { HttpException, HttpStatus } from '@nestjs/common';
+import type { ExceptionBody, KtSuccessResponse } from '../types';
+
+export const normalizeVbenErrorText = (
+  value: unknown,
+  fallback = '操作失败',
+): string => {
+  if (value === undefined || value === null || value === '') return fallback;
+  if (typeof value === 'string') return value;
+  if (Array.isArray(value)) {
+    return value.map((item) => normalizeVbenErrorText(item, '')).join('; ');
+  }
+  if (value instanceof Error) return value.message || fallback;
+  if (typeof value === 'object') {
+    const record = value as Record<string, unknown>;
+    const nested = record.msg ?? record.message ?? record.error ?? record.err;
+
+    if (nested !== undefined) return normalizeVbenErrorText(nested, fallback);
+
+    try {
+      return JSON.stringify(value);
+    } catch {
+      return fallback;
+    }
+  }
+
+  return String(value);
+};
+
+export const vbenSuccess = <T = any>(
+  data: T,
+  msg = '操作成功',
+): KtSuccessResponse<T> => ({
+  code: 200,
+  data,
+  msg,
+});
+
+export const vbenPage = <T = any>(items: T[], total: number) =>
+  vbenSuccess({
+    items,
+    total,
+  });
+
+export const throwVbenError = (
+  message: string,
+  status = HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST,
+  err: unknown = message,
+): never => {
+  throw new HttpException(
+    {
+      msg: message,
+      err: normalizeVbenErrorText(err, message),
+    } satisfies ExceptionBody,
+    status,
+  );
+};
diff --git a/src/common/services/tool.service.ts b/src/common/services/tool.service.ts
index e50a8a3..db8cc0b 100644
--- a/src/common/services/tool.service.ts
+++ b/src/common/services/tool.service.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,13 @@
 import { Injectable } from '@nestjs/common';
 import * as svgCaptcha from 'svg-captcha';
+import { normalizeVbenErrorText } from '../response/vben-response';
+import type {
+  KtDictOption,
+  KtPage,
+  KtResponse,
+  NapcatLoginStatusLike,
+  QrcodeLookupOptions,
+} from '../types';
 
 @Injectable()
 export class ToolsService {
@@ -14,7 +22,7 @@ export class ToolsService {
     return captcha;
   }
 
-  res(code: number, msg: string, data: any): Res {
+  res(code: number, msg: string, data: any): KtResponse {
     if (code === 200) {
       return {
         code,
@@ -26,11 +34,11 @@ export class ToolsService {
     return {
       code,
       msg,
-      err: data,
+      err: normalizeVbenErrorText(data, msg),
     };
   }
 
-  page<T = any>(list: T[], total: number): Page<T> {
+  page<T = any>(list: T[], total: number): KtPage<T> {
     const retn = {
       list,
       total,
@@ -86,7 +94,7 @@ export class ToolsService {
     label: string,
     value: any,
     other: Partial<T>,
-  ): Dict<T> {
+  ): KtDictOption<T> {
     const options = {
       label,
       value,
@@ -95,4 +103,212 @@ export class ToolsService {
 
     return options;
   }
+
+  getErrorMessage(err: unknown, fallback = '') {
+    const response = (err as any)?.getResponse?.();
+    if (typeof response?.msg === 'string') return response.msg;
+    if (typeof response?.message === 'string') return response.message;
+    if (err instanceof Error) return err.message;
+    if (typeof err === 'string') return err;
+    if (err === undefined || err === null) return fallback;
+    return `${err}`;
+  }
+
+  sleep(ms: number) {
+    return new Promise<void>((resolve) => {
+      setTimeout(resolve, ms);
+    });
+  }
+
+  toTrimmedString(value: unknown) {
+    return `${value ?? ''}`.trim();
+  }
+
+  normalizeWhitespaceText(value: unknown) {
+    return this.toTrimmedString(value).replace(/\s+/g, ' ');
+  }
+
+  toStringId(value: number | string | undefined | null) {
+    return value === undefined || value === null ? '' : `${value}`;
+  }
+
+  toPositiveNumber(
+    value: number | string | undefined | null,
+    fallback: number,
+  ) {
+    const nextValue = Number(value);
+    return Number.isFinite(nextValue) && nextValue > 0 ? nextValue : fallback;
+  }
+
+  getPageParams(
+    query: { pageNo?: number | string; pageSize?: number | string } = {},
+    defaultPageNo = 1,
+    defaultPageSize = 10,
+  ) {
+    const pageNo = this.toPositiveNumber(query.pageNo, defaultPageNo);
+    const pageSize = this.toPositiveNumber(query.pageSize, defaultPageSize);
+    return {
+      pageNo,
+      pageSize,
+      skip: (pageNo - 1) * pageSize,
+    };
+  }
+
+  normalizeBoolean(value: unknown, fallback = false) {
+    if (value === undefined || value === null || value === '') return fallback;
+    if (typeof value === 'boolean') return value;
+    if (typeof value === 'number') return value === 1;
+    return ['1', 'true', 'yes'].includes(`${value}`.toLowerCase());
+  }
+
+  normalizeNullableString(value: unknown) {
+    if (value === undefined || value === null) return null;
+    const nextValue = this.toTrimmedString(value);
+    return nextValue ? nextValue : null;
+  }
+
+  pickFirstText(...values: unknown[]) {
+    for (const value of values) {
+      const text = this.toTrimmedString(value);
+      if (text) return text;
+    }
+    return '';
+  }
+
+  includesAny(value: unknown, keywords: string[]) {
+    const text = `${value ?? ''}`;
+    return keywords.some((keyword) => text.includes(keyword));
+  }
+
+  includesText(value: unknown, keyword: unknown) {
+    const normalizedKeyword = this.toTrimmedString(keyword);
+    if (!normalizedKeyword) return true;
+
+    return this.toTrimmedString(value)
+      .toLowerCase()
+      .includes(normalizedKeyword.toLowerCase());
+  }
+
+  isSameText(left: unknown, right?: unknown) {
+    const rightText = this.toTrimmedString(right);
+    return !!rightText && this.toTrimmedString(left) === rightText;
+  }
+
+  pickDefined<T extends Record<string, unknown>>(payload: T) {
+    return Object.entries(payload).reduce<Partial<T>>((acc, [key, value]) => {
+      if (value !== undefined && value !== null && value !== '') {
+        acc[key as keyof T] = value as T[keyof T];
+      }
+      return acc;
+    }, {});
+  }
+
+  readHeader(
+    request: { headers?: Record<string, any> } | undefined,
+    name: string,
+  ) {
+    const value = request?.headers?.[name.toLowerCase()];
+    return Array.isArray(value) ? value[0] : value;
+  }
+
+  readCookie(
+    request: { headers?: Record<string, any> } | undefined,
+    cookieName: string,
+  ) {
+    const cookieHeader = request?.headers?.cookie || '';
+    const cookie = `${cookieHeader}`.split(';').find((item) => {
+      const [key] = item.trim().split('=');
+      return key === cookieName;
+    });
+    if (!cookie) return undefined;
+
+    const [, ...value] = cookie.trim().split('=');
+    const joined = value.join('=');
+    try {
+      return decodeURIComponent(joined);
+    } catch {
+      return joined;
+    }
+  }
+
+  readBearerToken(authHeader?: string) {
+    if (!authHeader?.startsWith('Bearer ')) return null;
+    return authHeader.split(' ')[1] || null;
+  }
+
+  pickQrcode(data?: Record<string, any> | null) {
+    if (!data) return '';
+    return this.pickFirstText(data.qrcode, data.qrcodeurl, data.url);
+  }
+
+  ensureFreshQrcode(qrcode: unknown, options: QrcodeLookupOptions = {}) {
+    const normalized = this.toTrimmedString(qrcode);
+    if (options.requireFresh && !normalized) {
+      throw new Error('NapCat 二维码仍未刷新');
+    }
+    if (
+      normalized &&
+      options.requireFresh &&
+      this.isSameText(normalized, options.staleQrcode)
+    ) {
+      throw new Error('NapCat 二维码仍未刷新');
+    }
+    return normalized;
+  }
+
+  pickNapcatSelfId(info: Record<string, any>) {
+    return this.pickFirstText(info.uin, info.self_id, info.selfId);
+  }
+
+  pickNapcatNickname(info: Record<string, any>) {
+    return this.pickFirstText(info.nick, info.nickname, info.name);
+  }
+
+  isNapcatAlreadyLoggedInError(err: unknown) {
+    return this.getErrorMessage(err).includes('QQ Is Logined');
+  }
+
+  isNapcatTemporaryError(err: unknown) {
+    return this.includesAny(this.getErrorMessage(err), [
+      'ECONNREFUSED',
+      'ECONNRESET',
+      'ETIMEDOUT',
+      'NapCat 请求超时',
+      'NapCat 未返回登录二维码',
+      'NapCat 二维码仍未刷新',
+      'QRCode Get Error',
+      'socket hang up',
+    ]);
+  }
+
+  isNapcatQrcodePendingError(err: unknown) {
+    return this.getErrorMessage(err).includes('QRCode Get Error');
+  }
+
+  isNapcatOfflineLoginStatus(status: NapcatLoginStatusLike) {
+    return (
+      !!status.isOffline || this.isNapcatOfflineLoginMessage(status.loginError)
+    );
+  }
+
+  isNapcatOfflineLoginMessage(message?: string) {
+    return this.includesAny(message, [
+      'KickedOffLine',
+      'Not Login',
+      'not login',
+      '下线',
+      '离线',
+      '另一台终端',
+      '被踢',
+      '登录态失效',
+    ]);
+  }
+
+  isNapcatExpiredQrcodeStatus(status: NapcatLoginStatusLike) {
+    const message = status.loginError || '';
+    return (
+      message.includes('二维码') &&
+      (message.includes('过期') || message.includes('失效'))
+    );
+  }
 }
diff --git a/src/common/snowflake-id.subscriber.ts b/src/common/snowflake/snowflake-id.subscriber.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from src/common/snowflake-id.subscriber.ts
rename to src/common/snowflake/snowflake-id.subscriber.ts
diff --git a/src/common/snowflake-id.ts b/src/common/snowflake/snowflake-id.ts
similarity index 97%
rename from src/common/snowflake-id.ts
rename to src/common/snowflake/snowflake-id.ts
index 0d16df2..06194e0 100644
--- a/src/common/snowflake-id.ts
+++ b/src/common/snowflake/snowflake-id.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+import type { SnowflakeEntity } from '../types';
+
 const TWEPOCH = 1288834974657n;
 const WORKER_ID_BITS = 5n;
 const DATACENTER_ID_BITS = 5n;
@@ -76,10 +78,6 @@ const snowflakeIdGenerator = new SnowflakeIdGenerator();
 
 export const createSnowflakeId = () => snowflakeIdGenerator.nextId();
 
-export type SnowflakeEntity = {
-  id?: number | string | null;
-};
-
 export const isEmptySnowflakeId = (id: SnowflakeEntity['id']) =>
   id === undefined || id === null || id === '' || id === 0 || id === '0';
 
diff --git a/src/common/swagger/swagger-response.ts b/src/common/swagger/swagger-response.ts
index 83ab10d..7d1498f 100644
--- a/src/common/swagger/swagger-response.ts
+++ b/src/common/swagger/swagger-response.ts
@@ -1,16 +1,12 @@
 import { applyDecorators, Type } from '@nestjs/common';
 import { ApiExtraModels, ApiOkResponse, ApiProperty } from '@nestjs/swagger';
 import type { OpenAPIObject } from '@nestjs/swagger';
-
-type SwaggerSchema = Record<string, any>;
-type SwaggerOperation = Record<string, any>;
-type SwaggerComponents = NonNullable<OpenAPIObject['components']>;
-
-type ApiResponseOptions = {
-  description?: string;
-  schema?: SwaggerSchema;
-  example: any;
-};
+import type {
+  ApiResponseOptions,
+  SwaggerComponents,
+  SwaggerOperation,
+  SwaggerSchema,
+} from '../types';
 
 const primitiveTypeMap = {
   string: String,
@@ -208,6 +204,7 @@ const standardErrorSchema = {
       example: '操作失败',
     },
     err: {
+      type: 'string',
       description: '错误详情',
       example: 'Bad Request',
     },
diff --git a/src/common/admin-tree.ts b/src/common/tree/tree.util.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from src/common/admin-tree.ts
rename to src/common/tree/tree.util.ts
diff --git a/src/common/types/api-exception.types.ts b/src/common/types/api-exception.types.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..685e2cd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/common/types/api-exception.types.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+export type ExceptionBody = {
+  err?: unknown;
+  error?: unknown;
+  message?: unknown;
+  msg?: unknown;
+};
diff --git a/src/common/types/api.types.ts b/src/common/types/api.types.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b241492
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/common/types/api.types.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+export type KtSuccessResponse<T = any> = {
+  code: 200;
+  data: T;
+  msg: string;
+};
+
+export type KtErrorResponse = {
+  code: number;
+  err: string;
+  msg: string;
+};
+
+export type KtResponse<T = any> = KtErrorResponse | KtSuccessResponse<T>;
+
+export type KtPage<T = any> = {
+  list: T[];
+  total: number;
+};
+
+export type KtPageQuery = {
+  pageNo?: number | string;
+  pageSize?: number | string;
+};
+
+export type KtPageParams<T = Record<string, any>> = {
+  pageNo: number;
+  pageSize: number;
+} & Partial<T>;
+
+export type KtDictOption<T = object, V = any> = {
+  label: string;
+  value: V;
+} & Partial<T>;
+
+export type KtMaybeArray<T> = T | readonly T[];
diff --git a/src/common/types/decode-dict.types.ts b/src/common/types/decode-dict.types.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0e95a7a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/common/types/decode-dict.types.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+export type DecodeDictKeyOptions = {
+  fallback?: string;
+  sourceKey?: string;
+  targetKey?: string;
+};
+
+export type DictDecodeRule = DecodeDictKeyOptions & {
+  targetKey: string;
+  dictKeys: string[];
+};
diff --git a/src/common/types/index.ts b/src/common/types/index.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c48ddbf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/common/types/index.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+export * from './api.types';
+export * from './api-exception.types';
+export * from './decode-dict.types';
+export * from './snowflake.types';
+export * from './swagger.types';
+export * from './tool.types';
diff --git a/src/common/types/snowflake.types.ts b/src/common/types/snowflake.types.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e01c94d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/common/types/snowflake.types.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+export type SnowflakeEntity = {
+  id?: number | string | null;
+};
diff --git a/src/common/types/swagger.types.ts b/src/common/types/swagger.types.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..31148bc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/common/types/swagger.types.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+import type { OpenAPIObject } from '@nestjs/swagger';
+
+export type ApiResponseOptions = {
+  description?: string;
+  schema?: SwaggerSchema;
+  example: any;
+};
+
+export type SwaggerComponents = NonNullable<OpenAPIObject['components']>;
+
+export type SwaggerDocumentGroup = {
+  matcher: SwaggerPathMatcher;
+  name: string;
+  path: string;
+};
+
+export type SwaggerOperation = Record<string, any>;
+
+export type SwaggerPathMatcher = (path: string) => boolean;
+
+export type SwaggerSchema = Record<string, any>;
diff --git a/src/common/types/tool.types.ts b/src/common/types/tool.types.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9268333
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/common/types/tool.types.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+export type NapcatLoginStatusLike = {
+  isOffline?: boolean;
+  loginError?: string;
+};
+
+export type QrcodeLookupOptions = {
+  requireFresh?: boolean;
+  staleQrcode?: string;
+};
diff --git a/src/main.ts b/src/main.ts
index 61c9f70..e4f3c48 100644
--- a/src/main.ts
+++ b/src/main.ts
@@ -5,16 +5,9 @@ import type { OpenAPIObject } from '@nestjs/swagger';
 import { urlencoded, json } from 'express';
 import { knife4jSetup } from '@kwitsukasa/knife4j-swagger-vue3';
 import type { Service } from '@kwitsukasa/knife4j-swagger-vue3';
+import type { SwaggerDocumentGroup, SwaggerPathMatcher } from './common';
 import { applySwaggerResponseExamples } from './common';
 
-type SwaggerPathMatcher = (path: string) => boolean;
-
-interface SwaggerDocumentGroup {
-  matcher: SwaggerPathMatcher;
-  name: string;
-  path: string;
-}
-
 const adminSwaggerPathPrefixes = [
   '/auth',
   '/component',
diff --git a/src/minio/minio.controller.ts b/src/minio/minio.controller.ts
index 49f72b2..317e547 100644
--- a/src/minio/minio.controller.ts
+++ b/src/minio/minio.controller.ts
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ import {
 } from '@nestjs/swagger';
 import { Response } from 'express';
 import { MinioClientService } from './minio.service';
-import type { MinioUploadFile } from './minio.service';
+import type { MinioUploadFile } from './minio.types';
 import {
   ApiFileDownloadResponse,
   ApiArrayResponse,
diff --git a/src/minio/minio.module.ts b/src/minio/minio.module.ts
index b74f673..06fa78e 100644
--- a/src/minio/minio.module.ts
+++ b/src/minio/minio.module.ts
@@ -3,12 +3,11 @@ import { ConfigModule } from '@nestjs/config';
 import { AdminAuthGuardModule } from '@/admin/auth/admin-auth-guard.module';
 import { MinioClientController } from './minio.controller';
 import { MinioClientService } from './minio.service';
-import { ToolsService } from '@/common';
 
 @Module({
   imports: [AdminAuthGuardModule, ConfigModule],
   controllers: [MinioClientController],
-  providers: [MinioClientService, ToolsService],
+  providers: [MinioClientService],
   exports: [MinioClientService],
 })
 export class MinioClientModule {}
diff --git a/src/minio/minio.service.ts b/src/minio/minio.service.ts
index 4e3e54e..19bf55a 100644
--- a/src/minio/minio.service.ts
+++ b/src/minio/minio.service.ts
@@ -1,39 +1,11 @@
 import { BadRequestException, Injectable } from '@nestjs/common';
 import { ConfigService } from '@nestjs/config';
 import { MinioService } from 'nestjs-minio-client';
-import type { Readable } from 'stream';
-
-export type MinioUploadFile = {
-  originalname: string;
-  mimetype: string;
-  size: number;
-  buffer: Buffer;
-};
-
-type UploadObjectOptions = {
-  bucketName?: string;
-  objectName?: string;
-  file: MinioUploadFile;
-};
-
-type ListObjectOptions = {
-  bucketName?: string;
-  prefix?: string;
-  recursive?: boolean;
-};
-
-type MinioObjectResult = {
-  stream: Readable;
-  stat: {
-    size: number;
-    etag: string;
-    lastModified: Date;
-    metaData: Record<string, any>;
-    versionId?: string | null;
-  };
-  bucketName: string;
-  objectName: string;
-};
+import type {
+  MinioListObjectOptions,
+  MinioObjectResult,
+  MinioUploadObjectOptions,
+} from './minio.types';
 
 @Injectable()
 export class MinioClientService {
@@ -75,7 +47,11 @@ export class MinioClientService {
     return targetBucket;
   }
 
-  async uploadObject({ bucketName, objectName, file }: UploadObjectOptions) {
+  async uploadObject({
+    bucketName,
+    objectName,
+    file,
+  }: MinioUploadObjectOptions) {
     if (!file) {
       throw new BadRequestException('请选择要上传的文件');
     }
@@ -108,7 +84,7 @@ export class MinioClientService {
     bucketName,
     prefix = '',
     recursive = true,
-  }: ListObjectOptions) {
+  }: MinioListObjectOptions) {
     const targetBucket = this.getBucketName(bucketName);
     const exists = await this.client.bucketExists(targetBucket);
 
diff --git a/src/minio/minio.types.ts b/src/minio/minio.types.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..17a17a1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/minio/minio.types.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+import type { Readable } from 'stream';
+
+export type MinioUploadFile = {
+  buffer: Buffer;
+  mimetype: string;
+  originalname: string;
+  size: number;
+};
+
+export type MinioUploadObjectOptions = {
+  bucketName?: string;
+  file: MinioUploadFile;
+  objectName?: string;
+};
+
+export type MinioListObjectOptions = {
+  bucketName?: string;
+  prefix?: string;
+  recursive?: boolean;
+};
+
+export type MinioObjectResult = {
+  bucketName: string;
+  objectName: string;
+  stat: {
+    etag: string;
+    lastModified: Date;
+    metaData: Record<string, any>;
+    size: number;
+    versionId?: string | null;
+  };
+  stream: Readable;
+};
diff --git a/src/qqbot/account/qqbot-account-ability.entity.ts b/src/qqbot/account/qqbot-account-ability.entity.ts
index bb1acb2..40ab68d 100644
--- a/src/qqbot/account/qqbot-account-ability.entity.ts
+++ b/src/qqbot/account/qqbot-account-ability.entity.ts
@@ -8,8 +8,7 @@ import {
   UpdateDateColumn,
 } from 'typeorm';
 import { ensureSnowflakeId } from '@/common';
-
-export type QqbotAccountAbilityType = 'command' | 'event_plugin' | 'rule';
+import type { QqbotAccountAbilityType } from '../qqbot.types';
 
 @Entity('qqbot_account_ability')
 @Index('uk_qqbot_account_ability', ['accountId', 'abilityType', 'abilityKey'], {
diff --git a/src/qqbot/account/qqbot-account.service.ts b/src/qqbot/account/qqbot-account.service.ts
index 29b2b4c..c302795 100644
--- a/src/qqbot/account/qqbot-account.service.ts
+++ b/src/qqbot/account/qqbot-account.service.ts
@@ -1,11 +1,8 @@
 import { Injectable } from '@nestjs/common';
 import { InjectRepository } from '@nestjs/typeorm';
 import { Repository } from 'typeorm';
-import { throwVbenError } from '@/common';
-import {
-  QqbotAccountAbility,
-  type QqbotAccountAbilityType,
-} from './qqbot-account-ability.entity';
+import { throwVbenError, ToolsService } from '@/common';
+import { QqbotAccountAbility } from './qqbot-account-ability.entity';
 import { QqbotAccount } from './qqbot-account.entity';
 import type {
   QqbotAccountBodyDto,
@@ -15,28 +12,15 @@ import type {
 import { QqbotAccountNapcat } from '../napcat/qqbot-account-napcat.entity';
 import { QqbotNapcatContainer } from '../napcat/qqbot-napcat-container.entity';
 import { QqbotNapcatContainerService } from '../napcat/qqbot-napcat-container.service';
+import {
+  QQBOT_DEFAULT_PAGE_NO,
+  QQBOT_DEFAULT_PAGE_SIZE,
+} from '../qqbot.constants';
 import type {
-  QqbotAccountNapcatBindStatus,
+  QqbotAccountAbilityType,
+  QqbotAccountListItem,
   QqbotConnectionRole,
-  QqbotNapcatContainerStatus,
 } from '../qqbot.types';
-import { getPageParams, normalizeNullableString } from '../qqbot.utils';
-
-export type QqbotAccountNapcatRuntimeInfo = {
-  bindStatus?: QqbotAccountNapcatBindStatus;
-  containerId?: string;
-  containerName?: string;
-  containerStatus?: QqbotNapcatContainerStatus;
-  lastCheckedAt?: Date | null;
-  lastError?: null | string;
-  lastLoginAt?: Date | null;
-  lastStartedAt?: Date | null;
-  webuiPort?: null | number;
-};
-
-export type QqbotAccountListItem = QqbotAccount & {
-  napcat?: null | QqbotAccountNapcatRuntimeInfo;
-};
 
 @Injectable()
 export class QqbotAccountService {
@@ -50,10 +34,15 @@ export class QqbotAccountService {
     @InjectRepository(QqbotNapcatContainer)
     private readonly napcatContainerRepository: Repository<QqbotNapcatContainer>,
     private readonly napcatContainerService: QqbotNapcatContainerService,
+    private readonly toolsService: ToolsService,
   ) {}
 
   async page(query: QqbotAccountQueryDto) {
-    const { pageNo, pageSize, skip } = getPageParams(query);
+    const { pageNo, pageSize, skip } = this.toolsService.getPageParams(
+      query,
+      QQBOT_DEFAULT_PAGE_NO,
+      QQBOT_DEFAULT_PAGE_SIZE,
+    );
     const builder = this.accountRepository
       .createQueryBuilder('account')
       .where('account.isDeleted = :isDeleted', { isDeleted: false });
@@ -451,7 +440,7 @@ export class QqbotAccountService {
 
   private normalizeBody(body: Partial<QqbotAccountBodyDto>) {
     return {
-      accessToken: normalizeNullableString(body.accessToken),
+      accessToken: this.toolsService.normalizeNullableString(body.accessToken),
       connectionMode: body.connectionMode || 'reverse-ws',
       enabled: body.enabled ?? true,
       name: body.name || '',
diff --git a/src/qqbot/account/qqbot-napcat-login.service.ts b/src/qqbot/account/qqbot-napcat-login.service.ts
index ca7631a..49500d8 100644
--- a/src/qqbot/account/qqbot-napcat-login.service.ts
+++ b/src/qqbot/account/qqbot-napcat-login.service.ts
@@ -3,83 +3,25 @@ import * as https from 'https';
 import { createHash, randomUUID } from 'crypto';
 import { Injectable } from '@nestjs/common';
 import { ConfigService } from '@nestjs/config';
-import { throwVbenError } from '@/common';
-import type { QqbotLoginScanMode, QqbotLoginScanStatus } from '../qqbot.types';
-import {
-  QqbotNapcatContainerService,
-  type QqbotNapcatRuntime,
-} from '../napcat/qqbot-napcat-container.service';
+import { throwVbenError, ToolsService } from '@/common';
+import type {
+  NapcatApiResponse,
+  NapcatCredential,
+  NapcatLoginInfo,
+  NapcatLoginStatus,
+  NapcatQrcode,
+  NapcatRestartOptions,
+  QqbotLoginScanMode,
+  QqbotLoginScanResult,
+  QqbotLoginScanSession,
+  QqbotLoginScanStatus,
+  QqbotNapcatRuntime,
+  QrcodeLookupOptions,
+  QrcodeRefreshOptions,
+} from '../qqbot.types';
+import { QqbotNapcatContainerService } from '../napcat/qqbot-napcat-container.service';
 import { QqbotAccountService } from './qqbot-account.service';
 
-type NapcatApiResponse<T> = {
-  code: number;
-  data?: T;
-  message?: string;
-};
-
-type NapcatCredential = {
-  Credential?: string;
-};
-
-type NapcatLoginInfo = Record<string, any> & {
-  avatarUrl?: string;
-  nick?: string;
-  nickname?: string;
-  online?: boolean;
-  uin?: number | string;
-};
-
-type NapcatLoginStatus = {
-  isLogin?: boolean;
-  isOffline?: boolean;
-  loginError?: string;
-  qrcodeurl?: string;
-};
-
-type NapcatQrcode = {
-  qrcode?: string;
-  qrcodeurl?: string;
-  url?: string;
-};
-
-type QqbotLoginScanSession = {
-  accountId?: string;
-  containerId?: string;
-  containerName?: string;
-  createdAt: number;
-  errorMessage?: string;
-  expiresAt: number;
-  expectedSelfId?: string;
-  id: string;
-  mode: QqbotLoginScanMode;
-  qrcode?: string;
-  status: QqbotLoginScanStatus;
-  webuiPort?: null | number;
-};
-
-type QrcodeLookupOptions = {
-  requireFresh?: boolean;
-  staleQrcode?: string;
-};
-
-type QrcodeRefreshOptions = QrcodeLookupOptions & {
-  fallbackStatus?: NapcatLoginStatus;
-};
-
-export type QqbotLoginScanResult = {
-  accountId?: string;
-  containerId?: string;
-  containerName?: string;
-  errorMessage?: string;
-  expiresAt?: number;
-  mode: QqbotLoginScanMode;
-  qrcode?: string;
-  selfId?: string;
-  sessionId?: string;
-  status: QqbotLoginScanStatus;
-  webuiPort?: null | number;
-};
-
 @Injectable()
 export class QqbotNapcatLoginService {
   private readonly sessions = new Map<string, QqbotLoginScanSession>();
@@ -92,6 +34,7 @@ export class QqbotNapcatLoginService {
     private readonly configService: ConfigService,
     private readonly accountService: QqbotAccountService,
     private readonly containerService: QqbotNapcatContainerService,
+    private readonly toolsService: ToolsService,
   ) {}
 
   async startCreate() {
@@ -125,16 +68,49 @@ export class QqbotNapcatLoginService {
     }
 
     const container = await this.getSessionContainer(session);
-    const loginStatus = await this.getLoginStatus(container);
-    session.qrcode = await this.refreshOrGetQrcode(container, true, {
-      fallbackStatus: loginStatus,
-      requireFresh: true,
-      staleQrcode: session.qrcode || loginStatus.qrcodeurl,
-    });
-    session.expiresAt = Date.now() + this.getSessionTtlMs();
-    session.errorMessage = undefined;
-    this.sessions.set(session.id, session);
-    return this.toResult(session);
+    let loginStatus: NapcatLoginStatus;
+    try {
+      loginStatus = await this.getLoginStatus(container);
+    } catch (err) {
+      if (!this.toolsService.isNapcatTemporaryError(err)) throw err;
+      await this.restartNapcatForLogin(container, { waitForReady: false });
+      session.lastRestartedAt = Date.now();
+      return this.keepSessionPending(
+        session,
+        'NapCat 通信超时，已尝试重启容器并重新生成二维码',
+        true,
+      );
+    }
+
+    if (loginStatus.isOffline) {
+      await this.restartNapcatForLogin(container, { waitForReady: false });
+      session.lastRestartedAt = Date.now();
+      return this.keepSessionPending(
+        session,
+        loginStatus.loginError ||
+          'NapCat 账号已离线，已重启容器并重新生成二维码',
+        true,
+      );
+    }
+
+    try {
+      session.qrcode = await this.refreshOrGetQrcode(container, false, {
+        fallbackStatus: loginStatus,
+        requireFresh: true,
+        staleQrcode: session.qrcode || loginStatus.qrcodeurl,
+      });
+      session.expiresAt = Date.now() + this.getSessionTtlMs();
+      session.errorMessage = undefined;
+      this.sessions.set(session.id, session);
+      return this.toResult(session);
+    } catch (err) {
+      if (!this.toolsService.isNapcatTemporaryError(err)) throw err;
+      return this.keepSessionPending(
+        session,
+        'NapCat 正在重新生成二维码，请稍后刷新或等待自动更新',
+        true,
+      );
+    }
   }
 
   async status(sessionId: string) {
@@ -144,11 +120,27 @@ export class QqbotNapcatLoginService {
     }
 
     const container = await this.getSessionContainer(session);
-    const status = await this.getLoginStatus(container);
+    let status: NapcatLoginStatus;
+    try {
+      status = await this.getLoginStatus(container);
+    } catch (err) {
+      if (!this.toolsService.isNapcatTemporaryError(err)) throw err;
+      return this.keepSessionPending(
+        session,
+        'NapCat 正在重启或生成二维码，请稍后',
+      );
+    }
     if (!status.isLogin) {
       session.errorMessage = status.loginError || undefined;
-      if (status.qrcodeurl && !this.isExpiredQrcodeStatus(status)) {
+      if (
+        status.qrcodeurl &&
+        !this.toolsService.isNapcatExpiredQrcodeStatus(status)
+      ) {
         session.qrcode = status.qrcodeurl;
+      } else if (status.isOffline) {
+        session.qrcode = undefined;
+      } else if (!this.toolsService.isNapcatExpiredQrcodeStatus(status)) {
+        await this.tryUpdatePendingQrcode(container, session, status);
       }
       this.sessions.set(session.id, session);
       return this.toResult(session);
@@ -178,6 +170,21 @@ export class QqbotNapcatLoginService {
 
     try {
       const loginStatus = await this.getLoginStatus(container, true);
+      if (loginStatus.isOffline) {
+        await this.restartNapcatForLogin(container, { waitForReady: false });
+        const session = this.createSession({
+          ...options,
+          container,
+          status: 'pending',
+        });
+        session.lastRestartedAt = Date.now();
+        session.errorMessage =
+          loginStatus.loginError ||
+          'NapCat 账号已离线，已重启容器并重新生成二维码';
+        this.sessions.set(session.id, session);
+        return this.toResult(session);
+      }
+
       if (loginStatus.isLogin) {
         const session = this.createSession({
           ...options,
@@ -190,7 +197,8 @@ export class QqbotNapcatLoginService {
 
       const qrcode = await this.refreshOrGetQrcode(container, true, {
         fallbackStatus: loginStatus,
-        requireFresh: this.isExpiredQrcodeStatus(loginStatus),
+        requireFresh:
+          this.toolsService.isNapcatExpiredQrcodeStatus(loginStatus),
         staleQrcode: loginStatus.qrcodeurl,
       });
       const session = this.createSession({
@@ -205,7 +213,9 @@ export class QqbotNapcatLoginService {
       const cleanupError = await this.cleanupRuntimeContainer(container);
       if (cleanupError) {
         throwVbenError(
-          `${this.getErrorMessage(err)}；清理未绑定容器失败：${cleanupError}`,
+          `${this.toolsService.getErrorMessage(
+            err,
+          )}；清理未绑定容器失败：${cleanupError}`,
         );
       }
       throw err;
@@ -217,7 +227,11 @@ export class QqbotNapcatLoginService {
     container: QqbotNapcatRuntime,
   ): Promise<QqbotLoginScanResult> {
     const loginInfo = await this.getLoginInfo(container);
-    const selfId = this.getSelfId(loginInfo);
+    if (loginInfo.online === false) {
+      return this.failSession(session, 'NapCat 当前账号已离线，请重新更新登录');
+    }
+
+    const selfId = this.toolsService.pickNapcatSelfId(loginInfo);
     if (!selfId) {
       return this.failSession(session, 'NapCat 已登录但未返回 QQ 号');
     }
@@ -230,7 +244,7 @@ export class QqbotNapcatLoginService {
 
     const accountId = await this.accountService.ensureScannedAccount({
       accountId: session.accountId,
-      name: this.getNickname(loginInfo),
+      name: this.toolsService.pickNapcatNickname(loginInfo),
       selfId,
     });
     await this.containerService.bindAccount(accountId, session.containerId);
@@ -284,6 +298,19 @@ export class QqbotNapcatLoginService {
     };
   }
 
+  private keepSessionPending(
+    session: QqbotLoginScanSession,
+    errorMessage: string,
+    clearQrcode = false,
+  ) {
+    session.status = 'pending';
+    session.errorMessage = errorMessage;
+    session.expiresAt = Date.now() + this.getSessionTtlMs();
+    if (clearQrcode) session.qrcode = undefined;
+    this.sessions.set(session.id, session);
+    return this.toResult(session);
+  }
+
   private getSession(sessionId: string) {
     const session = this.sessions.get(sessionId);
     if (!session) {
@@ -343,21 +370,43 @@ export class QqbotNapcatLoginService {
     }
   }
 
+  private async tryUpdatePendingQrcode(
+    container: QqbotNapcatRuntime,
+    session: QqbotLoginScanSession,
+    status: NapcatLoginStatus,
+  ) {
+    try {
+      const qrcode = await this.getQrcode(container, false, {
+        requireFresh: !!session.qrcode,
+        staleQrcode: session.qrcode || status.qrcodeurl,
+      });
+      if (qrcode) {
+        session.qrcode = qrcode;
+        session.errorMessage = status.loginError || undefined;
+      }
+    } catch (err) {
+      if (!this.toolsService.isNapcatTemporaryError(err)) throw err;
+      session.errorMessage =
+        session.errorMessage || 'NapCat 正在重新生成二维码，请稍后';
+    }
+  }
+
   private async cleanupRuntimeContainer(container: QqbotNapcatRuntime) {
     try {
       await this.containerService.removeUnboundContainer(container.id);
       return null;
     } catch (err) {
-      return this.getErrorMessage(err);
+      return this.toolsService.getErrorMessage(err);
     }
   }
 
   private async getLoginStatus(container: QqbotNapcatRuntime, retry = false) {
     if (!retry) {
-      return this.postNapcat<NapcatLoginStatus>(
+      const status = await this.postNapcat<NapcatLoginStatus>(
         container,
         '/api/QQLogin/CheckLoginStatus',
       );
+      return this.normalizeLoginStatus(container, status);
     }
 
     let lastError: unknown;
@@ -366,19 +415,61 @@ export class QqbotNapcatLoginService {
     );
     for (let index = 0; index < attempts; index += 1) {
       try {
-        return await this.postNapcat<NapcatLoginStatus>(
+        const status = await this.postNapcat<NapcatLoginStatus>(
           container,
           '/api/QQLogin/CheckLoginStatus',
         );
+        return await this.normalizeLoginStatus(container, status);
       } catch (err) {
         lastError = err;
-        if (!this.isTemporaryNapcatError(err)) break;
-        await this.sleep(1500);
+        if (!this.toolsService.isNapcatTemporaryError(err)) break;
+        await this.toolsService.sleep(1500);
       }
     }
     throw lastError;
   }
 
+  private async normalizeLoginStatus(
+    container: QqbotNapcatRuntime,
+    status: NapcatLoginStatus,
+  ) {
+    if (this.toolsService.isNapcatOfflineLoginStatus(status)) {
+      return this.toOfflineLoginStatus(status);
+    }
+
+    if (!status.isLogin) return status;
+
+    try {
+      const loginInfo = await this.getLoginInfo(container);
+      if (loginInfo.online === false) {
+        return this.toOfflineLoginStatus(
+          status,
+          'NapCat 账号已离线，请重新扫码登录',
+        );
+      }
+    } catch (err) {
+      const errorMessage = this.toolsService.getErrorMessage(err);
+      if (this.toolsService.isNapcatOfflineLoginMessage(errorMessage)) {
+        return this.toOfflineLoginStatus(status, errorMessage);
+      }
+      throw err;
+    }
+
+    return status;
+  }
+
+  private toOfflineLoginStatus(
+    status: NapcatLoginStatus,
+    errorMessage = 'NapCat 账号已离线，请重新扫码登录',
+  ): NapcatLoginStatus {
+    return {
+      ...status,
+      isLogin: false,
+      isOffline: true,
+      loginError: status.loginError || errorMessage,
+    };
+  }
+
   private async getLoginInfo(container: QqbotNapcatRuntime) {
     return this.postNapcat<NapcatLoginInfo>(
       container,
@@ -396,9 +487,9 @@ export class QqbotNapcatLoginService {
           container,
           '/api/QQLogin/RefreshQRcode',
         );
-        return this.pickQrcode(data);
+        return this.toolsService.pickQrcode(data);
       } catch (err) {
-        if (this.isAlreadyLoggedIn(err)) return '';
+        if (this.toolsService.isNapcatAlreadyLoggedInError(err)) return '';
         throw err;
       }
     });
@@ -415,17 +506,20 @@ export class QqbotNapcatLoginService {
           container,
           '/api/QQLogin/GetQQLoginQrcode',
         );
-        const qrcode = this.pickQrcode(data);
+        const qrcode = this.toolsService.pickQrcode(data);
         if (!qrcode) {
           return this.getQrcodeFromStatus(container, options);
         }
-        return this.ensureFreshQrcode(qrcode, options);
+        return this.toolsService.ensureFreshQrcode(qrcode, options);
       } catch (err) {
-        if (this.isAlreadyLoggedIn(err)) {
+        if (this.toolsService.isNapcatAlreadyLoggedInError(err)) {
           const status = await this.getLoginStatus(container);
-          return this.ensureFreshQrcode(status.qrcodeurl || '', options);
+          return this.toolsService.ensureFreshQrcode(
+            status.qrcodeurl || '',
+            options,
+          );
         }
-        if (this.isQrcodePending(err)) {
+        if (this.toolsService.isNapcatQrcodePendingError(err)) {
           return this.getQrcodeFromStatus(container, options);
         }
         throw err;
@@ -450,14 +544,17 @@ export class QqbotNapcatLoginService {
     try {
       const refreshedQrcode = await this.callRefreshQrcode(container, retry);
       if (refreshedQrcode) {
-        return this.ensureFreshQrcode(refreshedQrcode, lookupOptions);
+        return this.toolsService.ensureFreshQrcode(
+          refreshedQrcode,
+          lookupOptions,
+        );
       }
       return await this.getQrcode(container, retry, lookupOptions);
     } catch (err) {
       if (
         !lookupOptions.requireFresh &&
         fallbackStatus?.qrcodeurl &&
-        !this.isExpiredQrcodeStatus(fallbackStatus)
+        !this.toolsService.isNapcatExpiredQrcodeStatus(fallbackStatus)
       ) {
         return fallbackStatus.qrcodeurl;
       }
@@ -470,8 +567,11 @@ export class QqbotNapcatLoginService {
     options: QrcodeLookupOptions = {},
   ) {
     const status = await this.getLoginStatus(container);
-    if (status.qrcodeurl && !this.isExpiredQrcodeStatus(status)) {
-      return this.ensureFreshQrcode(status.qrcodeurl, options);
+    if (
+      status.qrcodeurl &&
+      !this.toolsService.isNapcatExpiredQrcodeStatus(status)
+    ) {
+      return this.toolsService.ensureFreshQrcode(status.qrcodeurl, options);
     }
     if (options.requireFresh && status.qrcodeurl) {
       throw new Error('NapCat 二维码仍未刷新');
@@ -479,30 +579,6 @@ export class QqbotNapcatLoginService {
     throwVbenError('NapCat 未返回登录二维码');
   }
 
-  private ensureFreshQrcode(qrcode: string, options: QrcodeLookupOptions = {}) {
-    const normalized = `${qrcode || ''}`.trim();
-    if (options.requireFresh && !normalized) {
-      throw new Error('NapCat 二维码仍未刷新');
-    }
-    if (
-      normalized &&
-      options.requireFresh &&
-      this.isSameQrcode(normalized, options.staleQrcode)
-    ) {
-      throw new Error('NapCat 二维码仍未刷新');
-    }
-    return normalized;
-  }
-
-  private isSameQrcode(left: string, right?: string) {
-    return !!right && left.trim() === right.trim();
-  }
-
-  private pickQrcode(data?: NapcatQrcode | null) {
-    if (!data) return '';
-    return `${data.qrcode || data.qrcodeurl || data.url || ''}`.trim();
-  }
-
   private async postNapcat<T>(
     container: QqbotNapcatRuntime,
     path: string,
@@ -512,7 +588,10 @@ export class QqbotNapcatLoginService {
     return this.requestNapcat<T>(container, path, body, credential);
   }
 
-  private async restartNapcatForLogin(container: QqbotNapcatRuntime) {
+  private async restartNapcatForLogin(
+    container: QqbotNapcatRuntime,
+    options: NapcatRestartOptions = {},
+  ) {
     const restartedByContainer =
       await this.containerService.restartRuntimeContainer(container);
     if (!restartedByContainer) {
@@ -522,12 +601,14 @@ export class QqbotNapcatLoginService {
           '/api/QQLogin/RestartNapCat',
         );
       } catch (err) {
-        if (!this.isTemporaryNapcatError(err)) throw err;
+        if (!this.toolsService.isNapcatTemporaryError(err)) throw err;
       }
     }
 
     this.credentials.delete(this.getCredentialCacheKey(container));
-    await this.sleep(this.getRestartDelayMs());
+    if (options.waitForReady === false) return;
+
+    await this.toolsService.sleep(this.getRestartDelayMs());
     await this.getLoginStatus(container, true);
   }
 
@@ -616,7 +697,7 @@ export class QqbotNapcatLoginService {
       req.write(payload);
       req.end();
     }).catch((err): never => {
-      const message = this.getErrorMessage(err);
+      const message = this.toolsService.getErrorMessage(err);
       return throwVbenError(message || 'NapCat 请求失败');
     });
   }
@@ -646,45 +727,6 @@ export class QqbotNapcatLoginService {
     );
   }
 
-  private getSelfId(info: NapcatLoginInfo) {
-    return `${info.uin || info.self_id || info.selfId || ''}`.trim();
-  }
-
-  private getNickname(info: NapcatLoginInfo) {
-    return `${info.nick || info.nickname || info.name || ''}`.trim();
-  }
-
-  private isAlreadyLoggedIn(err: unknown) {
-    return this.getErrorMessage(err).includes('QQ Is Logined');
-  }
-
-  private isTemporaryNapcatError(err: unknown) {
-    const message = this.getErrorMessage(err);
-    return [
-      'ECONNREFUSED',
-      'ECONNRESET',
-      'ETIMEDOUT',
-      'NapCat 请求超时',
-      'NapCat 未返回登录二维码',
-      'NapCat 二维码仍未刷新',
-      'QRCode Get Error',
-      'socket hang up',
-    ].some((keyword) => message.includes(keyword));
-  }
-
-  private isQrcodePending(err: unknown) {
-    const message = this.getErrorMessage(err);
-    return message.includes('QRCode Get Error');
-  }
-
-  private isExpiredQrcodeStatus(status: NapcatLoginStatus) {
-    const message = status.loginError || '';
-    return (
-      message.includes('二维码') &&
-      (message.includes('过期') || message.includes('失效'))
-    );
-  }
-
   private async executeNapcatRequest<T>(
     retry: boolean,
     action: () => Promise<T>,
@@ -700,23 +742,10 @@ export class QqbotNapcatLoginService {
         return await action();
       } catch (err) {
         lastError = err;
-        if (!this.isTemporaryNapcatError(err)) break;
-        await this.sleep(1500);
+        if (!this.toolsService.isNapcatTemporaryError(err)) break;
+        await this.toolsService.sleep(1500);
       }
     }
     throw lastError;
   }
-
-  private getErrorMessage(err: unknown) {
-    const response = (err as any)?.getResponse?.();
-    if (typeof response?.msg === 'string') return response.msg;
-    if (typeof response?.message === 'string') return response.message;
-    return err instanceof Error ? err.message : `${err}`;
-  }
-
-  private sleep(ms: number) {
-    return new Promise((resolve) => {
-      setTimeout(resolve, ms);
-    });
-  }
 }
diff --git a/src/qqbot/command/qqbot-command-engine.service.ts b/src/qqbot/command/qqbot-command-engine.service.ts
index e240974..34d72fb 100644
--- a/src/qqbot/command/qqbot-command-engine.service.ts
+++ b/src/qqbot/command/qqbot-command-engine.service.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import { Injectable, Logger } from '@nestjs/common';
+import { ToolsService } from '@/common';
 import { QqbotPluginRegistryService } from '../plugin/qqbot-plugin-registry.service';
 import type { QqbotNormalizedMessage } from '../qqbot.types';
 import { QqbotSendService } from '../send/qqbot-send.service';
@@ -18,6 +19,7 @@ export class QqbotCommandEngineService {
     private readonly pluginRegistry: QqbotPluginRegistryService,
     private readonly replyTemplate: QqbotReplyTemplateService,
     private readonly sendService: QqbotSendService,
+    private readonly toolsService: ToolsService,
   ) {}
 
   async handleMessage(message: QqbotNormalizedMessage) {
@@ -61,8 +63,10 @@ export class QqbotCommandEngineService {
           status: 'success',
         });
       } catch (err) {
-        const errorMessage =
-          err instanceof Error ? err.message : '命令执行失败';
+        const errorMessage = this.toolsService.getErrorMessage(
+          err,
+          '命令执行失败',
+        );
         await this.commandService.logExecution({
           command,
           errorMessage,
@@ -113,7 +117,10 @@ export class QqbotCommandEngineService {
         status: 'success',
       };
     } catch (err) {
-      const errorMessage = err instanceof Error ? err.message : '命令执行失败';
+      const errorMessage = this.toolsService.getErrorMessage(
+        err,
+        '命令执行失败',
+      );
       return {
         command: this.commandService.toResponse(command),
         errorMessage,
@@ -167,7 +174,10 @@ export class QqbotCommandEngineService {
         targetType: message.messageType,
       });
     } catch (err) {
-      const sendErr = err instanceof Error ? err.message : '错误回复发送失败';
+      const sendErr = this.toolsService.getErrorMessage(
+        err,
+        '错误回复发送失败',
+      );
       this.logger.warn(`QQBot 命令错误回复发送失败: ${sendErr}`);
     }
   }
diff --git a/src/qqbot/command/qqbot-command-log.entity.ts b/src/qqbot/command/qqbot-command-log.entity.ts
index dc42e7f..2d85e3d 100644
--- a/src/qqbot/command/qqbot-command-log.entity.ts
+++ b/src/qqbot/command/qqbot-command-log.entity.ts
@@ -8,8 +8,7 @@ import {
 } from 'typeorm';
 import { ensureSnowflakeId } from '@/common';
 import type { QqbotMessageType } from '../qqbot.types';
-
-export type QqbotCommandLogStatus = 'failed' | 'success';
+import type { QqbotCommandLogStatus } from '../qqbot.types';
 
 @Entity('qqbot_command_log')
 export class QqbotCommandLog {
@@ -52,7 +51,12 @@ export class QqbotCommandLog {
   @Column({ default: 'success', length: 32 })
   status: QqbotCommandLogStatus;
 
-  @Column({ default: null, name: 'error_message', nullable: true, type: 'text' })
+  @Column({
+    default: null,
+    name: 'error_message',
+    nullable: true,
+    type: 'text',
+  })
   errorMessage: string | null;
 
   @CreateDateColumn({ name: 'create_time' })
diff --git a/src/qqbot/command/qqbot-command-parser.service.ts b/src/qqbot/command/qqbot-command-parser.service.ts
index cf33bd2..59c1f06 100644
--- a/src/qqbot/command/qqbot-command-parser.service.ts
+++ b/src/qqbot/command/qqbot-command-parser.service.ts
@@ -6,23 +6,17 @@ import {
   buildQqbotFf14MarketCatalog,
   buildQqbotFf14MarketCatalogFromTree,
   QQBOT_FF14_MARKET_DICT_CODES,
-  type QqbotFf14MarketCatalog,
   isQqbotFf14DataCenterName,
   isQqbotFf14LocationName,
   isQqbotFf14RegionName,
   isQqbotFf14WorldName,
   splitQqbotFf14WorldPath,
 } from '../plugins/ff14Market/qqbot-ff14-worlds';
+import type { QqbotFf14MarketCatalog } from '../plugins/ff14Market/qqbot-ff14-market.types';
+import type { QqbotCommandMatchResult } from '../qqbot.types';
 
 const QQBOT_FFLOGS_ENCOUNTER_DICT_CODE = 'FFLOGS_ENCOUNTER_LABEL';
 
-export type QqbotCommandMatchResult = {
-  alias: string;
-  input: Record<string, any>;
-  matched: true;
-  rawArgs: string;
-};
-
 @Injectable()
 export class QqbotCommandParserService {
   constructor(private readonly dictService: DictService) {}
diff --git a/src/qqbot/command/qqbot-command.controller.ts b/src/qqbot/command/qqbot-command.controller.ts
index 9fd333b..4d24370 100644
--- a/src/qqbot/command/qqbot-command.controller.ts
+++ b/src/qqbot/command/qqbot-command.controller.ts
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ import {
 } from '@nestjs/common';
 import { ApiOperation, ApiQuery, ApiTags } from '@nestjs/swagger';
 import { JwtAuthGuard } from '@/admin/auth/jwt-auth.guard';
-import { vbenSuccess } from '@/common';
+import { ToolsService, vbenSuccess } from '@/common';
 import {
   QqbotCommandBodyDto,
   QqbotCommandQueryDto,
@@ -19,7 +19,6 @@ import {
 } from './qqbot-command.dto';
 import { QqbotCommandEngineService } from './qqbot-command-engine.service';
 import { QqbotCommandService } from './qqbot-command.service';
-import { normalizeBoolean } from '../qqbot.utils';
 
 @ApiTags('QQBot - 在线命令')
 @Controller('qqbot/command')
@@ -28,6 +27,7 @@ export class QqbotCommandController {
   constructor(
     private readonly commandEngine: QqbotCommandEngineService,
     private readonly commandService: QqbotCommandService,
+    private readonly toolsService: ToolsService,
   ) {}
 
   @Get('list')
@@ -65,7 +65,10 @@ export class QqbotCommandController {
   @ApiQuery({ name: 'enabled', type: Boolean })
   async toggle(@Query('id') id: string, @Query('enabled') enabled: string) {
     return vbenSuccess(
-      await this.commandService.toggle(id, normalizeBoolean(enabled)),
+      await this.commandService.toggle(
+        id,
+        this.toolsService.normalizeBoolean(enabled),
+      ),
     );
   }
 
diff --git a/src/qqbot/command/qqbot-command.dto.ts b/src/qqbot/command/qqbot-command.dto.ts
index 5e39118..c816feb 100644
--- a/src/qqbot/command/qqbot-command.dto.ts
+++ b/src/qqbot/command/qqbot-command.dto.ts
@@ -1,13 +1,13 @@
 import { PartialType } from '@nestjs/swagger';
 import { ApiProperty, ApiPropertyOptional } from '@nestjs/swagger';
+import type { KtPageQuery } from '@/common';
 import type {
   QqbotCommandParserType,
   QqbotMessageType,
   QqbotRuleTargetType,
 } from '../qqbot.types';
-import type { QqbotPageQuery } from '../qqbot.utils';
 
-export class QqbotCommandQueryDto implements QqbotPageQuery {
+export class QqbotCommandQueryDto implements KtPageQuery {
   @ApiPropertyOptional()
   pageNo?: number | string;
 
diff --git a/src/qqbot/command/qqbot-command.service.ts b/src/qqbot/command/qqbot-command.service.ts
index f6a6a33..4416ec7 100644
--- a/src/qqbot/command/qqbot-command.service.ts
+++ b/src/qqbot/command/qqbot-command.service.ts
@@ -1,15 +1,18 @@
 import { Injectable } from '@nestjs/common';
 import { InjectRepository } from '@nestjs/typeorm';
 import { Not, Repository } from 'typeorm';
-import { throwVbenError } from '@/common';
+import { throwVbenError, ToolsService } from '@/common';
 import { QqbotAccountService } from '../account/qqbot-account.service';
 import { QqbotPluginRegistryService } from '../plugin/qqbot-plugin-registry.service';
+import {
+  QQBOT_DEFAULT_PAGE_NO,
+  QQBOT_DEFAULT_PAGE_SIZE,
+} from '../qqbot.constants';
 import type {
   QqbotCommandParserType,
   QqbotNormalizedMessage,
   QqbotRuleTargetType,
 } from '../qqbot.types';
-import { getPageParams, normalizeBoolean } from '../qqbot.utils';
 import type {
   QqbotCommandBodyDto,
   QqbotCommandQueryDto,
@@ -27,10 +30,15 @@ export class QqbotCommandService {
     private readonly commandLogRepository: Repository<QqbotCommandLog>,
     private readonly accountService: QqbotAccountService,
     private readonly pluginRegistry: QqbotPluginRegistryService,
+    private readonly toolsService: ToolsService,
   ) {}
 
   async page(query: QqbotCommandQueryDto) {
-    const { pageNo, pageSize, skip } = getPageParams(query);
+    const { pageNo, pageSize, skip } = this.toolsService.getPageParams(
+      query,
+      QQBOT_DEFAULT_PAGE_NO,
+      QQBOT_DEFAULT_PAGE_SIZE,
+    );
     const builder = this.commandRepository
       .createQueryBuilder('command')
       .where('command.isDeleted = :isDeleted', { isDeleted: false });
@@ -67,7 +75,7 @@ export class QqbotCommandService {
     }
     if (query.enabled !== undefined && `${query.enabled}` !== '') {
       builder.andWhere('command.enabled = :enabled', {
-        enabled: normalizeBoolean(query.enabled),
+        enabled: this.toolsService.normalizeBoolean(query.enabled),
       });
     }
 
diff --git a/src/qqbot/config/qqbot-config.service.ts b/src/qqbot/config/qqbot-config.service.ts
index c7fe50d..032bdc3 100644
--- a/src/qqbot/config/qqbot-config.service.ts
+++ b/src/qqbot/config/qqbot-config.service.ts
@@ -2,17 +2,13 @@ import { Injectable } from '@nestjs/common';
 import { InjectRepository } from '@nestjs/typeorm';
 import { Repository } from 'typeorm';
 import { QqbotConfig } from './qqbot-config.entity';
+import type { QqbotPermissionConfig } from '../qqbot.types';
 
 const QQBOT_PERMISSION_CONFIG_KEYS = {
   allowlistEnabled: 'permission.allowlistEnabled',
   blocklistEnabled: 'permission.blocklistEnabled',
 } as const;
 
-export type QqbotPermissionConfig = {
-  allowlistEnabled: boolean;
-  blocklistEnabled: boolean;
-};
-
 @Injectable()
 export class QqbotConfigService {
   constructor(
@@ -22,8 +18,14 @@ export class QqbotConfigService {
 
   async getPermissionConfig(): Promise<QqbotPermissionConfig> {
     const [allowlistEnabled, blocklistEnabled] = await Promise.all([
-      this.getBooleanConfig(QQBOT_PERMISSION_CONFIG_KEYS.allowlistEnabled, false),
-      this.getBooleanConfig(QQBOT_PERMISSION_CONFIG_KEYS.blocklistEnabled, true),
+      this.getBooleanConfig(
+        QQBOT_PERMISSION_CONFIG_KEYS.allowlistEnabled,
+        false,
+      ),
+      this.getBooleanConfig(
+        QQBOT_PERMISSION_CONFIG_KEYS.blocklistEnabled,
+        true,
+      ),
     ]);
 
     return { allowlistEnabled, blocklistEnabled };
@@ -65,11 +67,7 @@ export class QqbotConfigService {
     return record.configValue === 'true';
   }
 
-  async setBooleanConfig(
-    configKey: string,
-    value: boolean,
-    remark: string,
-  ) {
+  async setBooleanConfig(configKey: string, value: boolean, remark: string) {
     const exists = await this.configRepository.findOne({
       where: { configKey },
     });
diff --git a/src/qqbot/connection/qqbot-reverse-ws.service.ts b/src/qqbot/connection/qqbot-reverse-ws.service.ts
index 9848416..518ce66 100644
--- a/src/qqbot/connection/qqbot-reverse-ws.service.ts
+++ b/src/qqbot/connection/qqbot-reverse-ws.service.ts
@@ -9,29 +9,25 @@ import {
 import { ConfigService } from '@nestjs/config';
 import { HttpAdapterHost, ModuleRef } from '@nestjs/core';
 import WebSocket = require('ws');
+import { ToolsService } from '@/common';
 import { QQBOT_MQTT_TOPICS, QQBOT_REVERSE_WS_PATH } from '../qqbot.constants';
 import type {
   QqbotConnectionRole,
   QqbotOneBotActionResponse,
   QqbotOneBotEvent,
+  QqbotPendingAction,
 } from '../qqbot.types';
 import { QqbotAccountService } from '../account/qqbot-account.service';
 import { QqbotEventService } from '../event/qqbot-event.service';
 import { QqbotBusService } from '../mqtt/qqbot-bus.service';
 
-type PendingAction = {
-  reject: (reason: Error) => void;
-  resolve: (value: QqbotOneBotActionResponse) => void;
-  timer: NodeJS.Timeout;
-};
-
 @Injectable()
 export class QqbotReverseWsService
   implements OnApplicationBootstrap, OnModuleDestroy
 {
   private readonly logger = new Logger(QqbotReverseWsService.name);
   private readonly connections = new Map<string, WebSocket>();
-  private readonly pendingActions = new Map<string, PendingAction>();
+  private readonly pendingActions = new Map<string, QqbotPendingAction>();
   private server: WebSocket.Server | null = null;
 
   constructor(
@@ -40,6 +36,7 @@ export class QqbotReverseWsService
     private readonly moduleRef: ModuleRef,
     private readonly accountService: QqbotAccountService,
     private readonly busService: QqbotBusService,
+    private readonly toolsService: ToolsService,
   ) {}
 
   onApplicationBootstrap() {
@@ -178,7 +175,7 @@ export class QqbotReverseWsService
     try {
       await this.handleMessage(selfId, raw);
     } catch (err) {
-      const message = err instanceof Error ? err.message : `${err}`;
+      const message = this.toolsService.getErrorMessage(err);
       this.logger.warn(`QQBot 处理 WS 消息失败 ${selfId}: ${message}`);
     }
   }
diff --git a/src/qqbot/event/qqbot-event-normalizer.ts b/src/qqbot/event/qqbot-event-normalizer.ts
index e36a2d1..0e582b9 100644
--- a/src/qqbot/event/qqbot-event-normalizer.ts
+++ b/src/qqbot/event/qqbot-event-normalizer.ts
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
+import type { ToolsService } from '@/common';
 import type {
   QqbotMessageType,
   QqbotNormalizedMessage,
   QqbotOneBotEvent,
 } from '../qqbot.types';
-import { toStringId } from '../qqbot.utils';
 
 export function isOneBotMessageEvent(
   payload: QqbotOneBotEvent,
@@ -16,12 +16,15 @@ export function isOneBotMessageEvent(
 
 export function normalizeOneBotMessage(
   payload: QqbotOneBotEvent,
+  toolsService: ToolsService,
 ): QqbotNormalizedMessage {
   const messageType = normalizeMessageType(payload.message_type) || 'private';
   const channelId =
-    toStringId(payload.channel_id) || toStringId(payload.guild_id) || undefined;
-  const groupId = toStringId(payload.group_id) || undefined;
-  const userId = toStringId(payload.user_id);
+    toolsService.toStringId(payload.channel_id) ||
+    toolsService.toStringId(payload.guild_id) ||
+    undefined;
+  const groupId = toolsService.toStringId(payload.group_id) || undefined;
+  const userId = toolsService.toStringId(payload.user_id);
   const targetId =
     messageType === 'group'
       ? groupId || ''
@@ -37,13 +40,13 @@ export function normalizeOneBotMessage(
       : new Date(),
     groupId,
     messageId:
-      toStringId(payload.message_id) ||
+      toolsService.toStringId(payload.message_id) ||
       `${payload.time || Date.now()}-${targetId}-${userId}`,
     messageText,
     messageType,
     rawEvent: payload,
     rawMessage: payload.raw_message || messageText,
-    selfId: toStringId(payload.self_id),
+    selfId: toolsService.toStringId(payload.self_id),
     senderNickname:
       payload.sender?.card ||
       payload.sender?.nickname ||
diff --git a/src/qqbot/event/qqbot-event.service.ts b/src/qqbot/event/qqbot-event.service.ts
index 3717672..c741f11 100644
--- a/src/qqbot/event/qqbot-event.service.ts
+++ b/src/qqbot/event/qqbot-event.service.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import { Injectable, Logger } from '@nestjs/common';
+import { ToolsService } from '@/common';
 import { QQBOT_MQTT_TOPICS } from '../qqbot.constants';
 import { QqbotDedupeService } from '../dedupe/qqbot-dedupe.service';
 import { QqbotMessageService } from '../message/qqbot-message.service';
@@ -20,6 +21,7 @@ export class QqbotEventService {
     private readonly dedupeService: QqbotDedupeService,
     private readonly messageService: QqbotMessageService,
     private readonly ruleEngineService: QqbotRuleEngineService,
+    private readonly toolsService: ToolsService,
   ) {}
 
   async handleIncoming(payload: QqbotOneBotEvent) {
@@ -32,7 +34,7 @@ export class QqbotEventService {
     }
 
     if (!isOneBotMessageEvent(payload)) return;
-    const message = normalizeOneBotMessage(payload);
+    const message = normalizeOneBotMessage(payload, this.toolsService);
     if (!message.selfId || !message.targetId || !message.userId) {
       this.logger.warn('QQBot 收到缺少关键字段的消息事件，已忽略');
       return;
diff --git a/src/qqbot/message/qqbot-message.service.ts b/src/qqbot/message/qqbot-message.service.ts
index 95d7791..c3616ba 100644
--- a/src/qqbot/message/qqbot-message.service.ts
+++ b/src/qqbot/message/qqbot-message.service.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 import { Injectable } from '@nestjs/common';
 import { InjectRepository } from '@nestjs/typeorm';
 import { Repository } from 'typeorm';
+import { ToolsService } from '@/common';
 import { QqbotConversation } from './qqbot-conversation.entity';
 import { QqbotMessage } from './qqbot-message.entity';
 import type {
@@ -8,7 +9,10 @@ import type {
   QqbotMessageQueryDto,
 } from './qqbot-message.dto';
 import type { QqbotMessageType, QqbotNormalizedMessage } from '../qqbot.types';
-import { getPageParams } from '../qqbot.utils';
+import {
+  QQBOT_DEFAULT_PAGE_NO,
+  QQBOT_DEFAULT_PAGE_SIZE,
+} from '../qqbot.constants';
 
 @Injectable()
 export class QqbotMessageService {
@@ -17,10 +21,15 @@ export class QqbotMessageService {
     private readonly conversationRepository: Repository<QqbotConversation>,
     @InjectRepository(QqbotMessage)
     private readonly messageRepository: Repository<QqbotMessage>,
+    private readonly toolsService: ToolsService,
   ) {}
 
   async conversationPage(query: QqbotConversationQueryDto) {
-    const { pageNo, pageSize, skip } = getPageParams(query);
+    const { pageNo, pageSize, skip } = this.toolsService.getPageParams(
+      query,
+      QQBOT_DEFAULT_PAGE_NO,
+      QQBOT_DEFAULT_PAGE_SIZE,
+    );
     const builder = this.conversationRepository
       .createQueryBuilder('conversation')
       .where('conversation.isDeleted = :isDeleted', { isDeleted: false });
@@ -50,7 +59,11 @@ export class QqbotMessageService {
   }
 
   async messagePage(query: QqbotMessageQueryDto) {
-    const { pageNo, pageSize, skip } = getPageParams(query);
+    const { pageNo, pageSize, skip } = this.toolsService.getPageParams(
+      query,
+      QQBOT_DEFAULT_PAGE_NO,
+      QQBOT_DEFAULT_PAGE_SIZE,
+    );
     const builder = this.messageRepository.createQueryBuilder('message');
 
     if (query.conversationId) {
diff --git a/src/qqbot/mqtt/qqbot-bus.service.ts b/src/qqbot/mqtt/qqbot-bus.service.ts
index befe37f..9100f22 100644
--- a/src/qqbot/mqtt/qqbot-bus.service.ts
+++ b/src/qqbot/mqtt/qqbot-bus.service.ts
@@ -8,8 +8,7 @@ import {
 import { ConfigService } from '@nestjs/config';
 import * as mqtt from 'mqtt';
 import type { MqttClient } from 'mqtt';
-
-type Handler = (payload: any) => Promise<void> | void;
+import type { QqbotBusHandler } from '../qqbot.types';
 
 @Injectable()
 export class QqbotBusService implements OnModuleInit, OnModuleDestroy {
@@ -58,7 +57,7 @@ export class QqbotBusService implements OnModuleInit, OnModuleDestroy {
     this.client.publish(topic, JSON.stringify(payload));
   }
 
-  subscribe(topic: string, handler: Handler) {
+  subscribe(topic: string, handler: QqbotBusHandler) {
     this.emitter.on(topic, handler);
     return () => this.emitter.off(topic, handler);
   }
diff --git a/src/qqbot/napcat/qqbot-napcat-container.service.ts b/src/qqbot/napcat/qqbot-napcat-container.service.ts
index 0ea99d3..ee521d4 100644
--- a/src/qqbot/napcat/qqbot-napcat-container.service.ts
+++ b/src/qqbot/napcat/qqbot-napcat-container.service.ts
@@ -4,18 +4,11 @@ import { Injectable } from '@nestjs/common';
 import { ConfigService } from '@nestjs/config';
 import { InjectRepository } from '@nestjs/typeorm';
 import { Repository } from 'typeorm';
-import { throwVbenError } from '@/common';
+import { throwVbenError, ToolsService } from '@/common';
 import { QqbotAccount } from '../account/qqbot-account.entity';
 import { QqbotAccountNapcat } from './qqbot-account-napcat.entity';
 import { QqbotNapcatContainer } from './qqbot-napcat-container.entity';
-
-export type QqbotNapcatRuntime = {
-  baseUrl: string;
-  id?: string;
-  name: string;
-  webuiPort?: null | number;
-  webuiToken?: null | string;
-};
+import type { QqbotNapcatRuntime } from '../qqbot.types';
 
 @Injectable()
 export class QqbotNapcatContainerService {
@@ -25,6 +18,7 @@ export class QqbotNapcatContainerService {
     private readonly containerRepository: Repository<QqbotNapcatContainer>,
     @InjectRepository(QqbotAccountNapcat)
     private readonly bindingRepository: Repository<QqbotAccountNapcat>,
+    private readonly toolsService: ToolsService,
   ) {}
 
   async prepareCreateContainer() {
@@ -311,7 +305,7 @@ fi
         webuiToken: token,
       };
     } catch (err) {
-      const message = this.getErrorMessage(err);
+      const message = this.toolsService.getErrorMessage(err);
       await this.containerRepository.update(
         { id: container.id },
         {
@@ -596,8 +590,4 @@ docker run -d \\
       child.stdin.end();
     });
   }
-
-  private getErrorMessage(err: unknown) {
-    return err instanceof Error ? err.message : `${err}`;
-  }
 }
diff --git a/src/qqbot/permission/qqbot-permission.service.ts b/src/qqbot/permission/qqbot-permission.service.ts
index 2fa9227..cb6e811 100644
--- a/src/qqbot/permission/qqbot-permission.service.ts
+++ b/src/qqbot/permission/qqbot-permission.service.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { Injectable } from '@nestjs/common';
 import { InjectRepository } from '@nestjs/typeorm';
 import { Brackets, Repository } from 'typeorm';
-import { throwVbenError } from '@/common';
+import { throwVbenError, ToolsService } from '@/common';
 import { QqbotAllowlist } from './qqbot-allowlist.entity';
 import { QqbotBlocklist } from './qqbot-blocklist.entity';
 import type {
@@ -11,11 +11,15 @@ import type {
   QqbotPermissionUpdateDto,
 } from './qqbot-permission.dto';
 import { QqbotConfigService } from '../config/qqbot-config.service';
-import type { QqbotNormalizedMessage } from '../qqbot.types';
-import { getPageParams } from '../qqbot.utils';
-
-type PermissionKind = 'allowlist' | 'blocklist';
-type PermissionEntity = QqbotAllowlist | QqbotBlocklist;
+import {
+  QQBOT_DEFAULT_PAGE_NO,
+  QQBOT_DEFAULT_PAGE_SIZE,
+} from '../qqbot.constants';
+import type {
+  QqbotNormalizedMessage,
+  QqbotPermissionEntity,
+  QqbotPermissionKind,
+} from '../qqbot.types';
 
 @Injectable()
 export class QqbotPermissionService {
@@ -25,6 +29,7 @@ export class QqbotPermissionService {
     private readonly allowlistRepository: Repository<QqbotAllowlist>,
     @InjectRepository(QqbotBlocklist)
     private readonly blocklistRepository: Repository<QqbotBlocklist>,
+    private readonly toolsService: ToolsService,
   ) {}
 
   async getConfig() {
@@ -35,8 +40,12 @@ export class QqbotPermissionService {
     return this.configService.updatePermissionConfig(body);
   }
 
-  async page(kind: PermissionKind, query: QqbotPermissionQueryDto) {
-    const { pageNo, pageSize, skip } = getPageParams(query);
+  async page(kind: QqbotPermissionKind, query: QqbotPermissionQueryDto) {
+    const { pageNo, pageSize, skip } = this.toolsService.getPageParams(
+      query,
+      QQBOT_DEFAULT_PAGE_NO,
+      QQBOT_DEFAULT_PAGE_SIZE,
+    );
     const repository = this.getRepository(kind);
     const builder = repository
       .createQueryBuilder('permission')
@@ -64,7 +73,7 @@ export class QqbotPermissionService {
     }
     if (query.preciseUser !== undefined && `${query.preciseUser}` !== '') {
       builder.andWhere('permission.preciseUser = :preciseUser', {
-        preciseUser: this.normalizeBoolean(query.preciseUser),
+        preciseUser: this.toolsService.normalizeBoolean(query.preciseUser),
       });
     }
 
@@ -76,18 +85,18 @@ export class QqbotPermissionService {
     return { list, pageNo, pageSize, total };
   }
 
-  async save(kind: PermissionKind, body: QqbotPermissionBodyDto) {
+  async save(kind: QqbotPermissionKind, body: QqbotPermissionBodyDto) {
     const repository = this.getRepository(kind);
     const payload = this.normalizeBody(body);
     const saved = await repository.save(
       repository.create({
         ...payload,
-      } as PermissionEntity),
+      } as QqbotPermissionEntity),
     );
     return saved.id;
   }
 
-  async update(kind: PermissionKind, body: QqbotPermissionUpdateDto) {
+  async update(kind: QqbotPermissionKind, body: QqbotPermissionUpdateDto) {
     const repository = this.getRepository(kind);
     const payload = this.normalizeBody(body);
     await repository.update(
@@ -99,7 +108,7 @@ export class QqbotPermissionService {
     return true;
   }
 
-  async remove(kind: PermissionKind, id: string) {
+  async remove(kind: QqbotPermissionKind, id: string) {
     const repository = this.getRepository(kind);
     await repository.update({ id } as any, { isDeleted: true } as any);
     return true;
@@ -118,7 +127,7 @@ export class QqbotPermissionService {
   }
 
   private async existsMatched(
-    repository: Repository<PermissionEntity>,
+    repository: Repository<QqbotPermissionEntity>,
     message: QqbotNormalizedMessage,
   ) {
     const count = await repository
@@ -182,7 +191,7 @@ export class QqbotPermissionService {
 
   private normalizeBody(
     body: Partial<QqbotPermissionBodyDto>,
-  ): Partial<PermissionEntity> {
+  ): Partial<QqbotPermissionEntity> {
     const targetType = body.targetType === 'private' ? 'qq' : body.targetType;
     const normalizedTargetType = targetType || 'qq';
     const targetId = `${body.targetId || ''}`.trim();
@@ -213,14 +222,10 @@ export class QqbotPermissionService {
       targetId,
       targetType: normalizedTargetType,
       userId: preciseUser ? userId : '',
-    } as Partial<PermissionEntity>;
+    } as Partial<QqbotPermissionEntity>;
   }
 
-  private normalizeBoolean(value: unknown) {
-    return value === true || value === 'true' || value === 1 || value === '1';
-  }
-
-  private getRepository(kind: PermissionKind) {
+  private getRepository(kind: QqbotPermissionKind) {
     return kind === 'allowlist'
       ? this.allowlistRepository
       : this.blocklistRepository;
diff --git a/src/qqbot/plugin/qqbot-event-plugin-registry.service.ts b/src/qqbot/plugin/qqbot-event-plugin-registry.service.ts
index 75c8500..9ca3c5f 100644
--- a/src/qqbot/plugin/qqbot-event-plugin-registry.service.ts
+++ b/src/qqbot/plugin/qqbot-event-plugin-registry.service.ts
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ import type {
   QqbotEventPluginDefinition,
   QqbotPluginHealth,
   QqbotPluginOperationSummary,
-} from './qqbot-plugin.types';
+} from '../qqbot.types';
 
 @Injectable()
 export class QqbotEventPluginRegistryService {
diff --git a/src/qqbot/plugin/qqbot-plugin-registry.service.ts b/src/qqbot/plugin/qqbot-plugin-registry.service.ts
index cc5dfa4..3fc5b6a 100644
--- a/src/qqbot/plugin/qqbot-plugin-registry.service.ts
+++ b/src/qqbot/plugin/qqbot-plugin-registry.service.ts
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ import type {
   QqbotPluginOperationContext,
   QqbotPluginOperationSummary,
   QqbotPluginSummary,
-} from './qqbot-plugin.types';
+} from '../qqbot.types';
 
 @Injectable()
 export class QqbotPluginRegistryService implements OnModuleInit {
diff --git a/src/qqbot/plugin/qqbot-plugin.controller.ts b/src/qqbot/plugin/qqbot-plugin.controller.ts
index ecb160a..6347c9b 100644
--- a/src/qqbot/plugin/qqbot-plugin.controller.ts
+++ b/src/qqbot/plugin/qqbot-plugin.controller.ts
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ import { JwtAuthGuard } from '@/admin/auth/jwt-auth.guard';
 import { vbenSuccess } from '@/common';
 import { QqbotEventPluginRegistryService } from './qqbot-event-plugin-registry.service';
 import { QqbotPluginRegistryService } from './qqbot-plugin-registry.service';
-import type { QqbotPluginTriggerMode } from './qqbot-plugin.types';
+import type { QqbotPluginTriggerMode } from '../qqbot.types';
 
 @ApiTags('QQBot - 插件能力')
 @Controller('qqbot/plugin')
diff --git a/src/qqbot/plugin/qqbot-plugin.types.ts b/src/qqbot/plugin/qqbot-plugin.types.ts
deleted file mode 100644
index 60b25ac..0000000
--- a/src/qqbot/plugin/qqbot-plugin.types.ts
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,86 +0,0 @@
-import type {
-  QqbotNormalizedMessage,
-  QqbotPluginHealthStatus,
-} from '../qqbot.types';
-import type { QqbotCommand } from '../command/qqbot-command.entity';
-
-export type QqbotPluginHealth = {
-  checkedAt: string;
-  message?: string;
-  name?: string;
-  pluginKey?: string;
-  status: QqbotPluginHealthStatus;
-  triggerMode?: QqbotPluginTriggerMode;
-};
-
-export type QqbotPluginTriggerMode = 'command' | 'event';
-
-export type QqbotPluginOperationContext = {
-  args?: Record<string, any>;
-  command?: QqbotCommand;
-  message?: QqbotNormalizedMessage;
-};
-
-export type QqbotPluginOperation<Input = any, Output = any> = {
-  cacheTtlMs?: number;
-  description?: string;
-  inputSchema?: Record<string, any>;
-  key: string;
-  name: string;
-  outputSchema?: Record<string, any>;
-  execute: (
-    input: Input,
-    context: QqbotPluginOperationContext,
-  ) => Promise<Output>;
-};
-
-export type QqbotIntegrationPlugin = {
-  description?: string;
-  healthCheck?: () => Promise<QqbotPluginHealth>;
-  key: string;
-  name: string;
-  operations: QqbotPluginOperation[];
-  version: string;
-};
-
-export type QqbotEventPluginSummary = {
-  accountName?: string;
-  bound: boolean;
-  connectStatus?: string;
-  description?: string;
-  key: string;
-  name: string;
-  remark?: string;
-  selfId: string;
-  triggerType: 'message';
-  version: string;
-};
-
-export type QqbotEventPluginDefinition = {
-  description?: string;
-  key: string;
-  name: string;
-  remark?: string;
-  triggerType: 'message';
-  version: string;
-};
-
-export type QqbotPluginSummary = {
-  description?: string;
-  key: string;
-  name: string;
-  operationCount: number;
-  triggerMode: QqbotPluginTriggerMode;
-  version: string;
-};
-
-export type QqbotPluginOperationSummary = {
-  cacheTtlMs?: number;
-  description?: string;
-  inputSchema?: Record<string, any>;
-  key: string;
-  name: string;
-  outputSchema?: Record<string, any>;
-  pluginKey: string;
-  triggerMode: QqbotPluginTriggerMode;
-};
diff --git a/src/qqbot/plugins/ff14Market/qqbot-ff14-client.service.ts b/src/qqbot/plugins/ff14Market/qqbot-ff14-client.service.ts
index 4619615..eccdc5a 100644
--- a/src/qqbot/plugins/ff14Market/qqbot-ff14-client.service.ts
+++ b/src/qqbot/plugins/ff14Market/qqbot-ff14-client.service.ts
@@ -9,63 +9,14 @@ import {
   QQBOT_FF14_MARKET_DICT_CODES,
   resolveQqbotFf14MarketTarget,
 } from './qqbot-ff14-worlds';
-
-type HttpMethod = 'GET';
-
-type XivapiSearchItem = {
-  fields?: {
-    Icon?: string | { path?: string; path_hr1?: string };
-    IsUntradable?: boolean;
-    LevelItem?: number | { row_id?: number; value?: number };
-    Name?: string;
-  };
-  id?: number;
-  name?: string;
-  row_id?: number;
-  sheet?: string;
-};
-
-type UniversalisListing = {
-  hq?: boolean;
-  lastReviewTime?: number;
-  pricePerUnit?: number;
-  quantity?: number;
-  retainerName?: string;
-  total?: number;
-  worldName?: string;
-};
-
-type UniversalisMarketResponse = {
-  currentAveragePrice?: number;
-  currentAveragePriceHQ?: number;
-  currentAveragePriceNQ?: number;
-  itemID?: number;
-  lastUploadTime?: number;
-  listings?: UniversalisListing[];
-  minPrice?: number;
-  minPriceHQ?: number;
-  minPriceNQ?: number;
-  worldName?: string;
-};
-
-export type QqbotFf14ResolvedItem = {
-  icon?: string;
-  isUntradable?: boolean;
-  itemId: number;
-  itemLevel?: number;
-  name: string;
-};
-
-export type QqbotFf14PriceResult = {
-  averagePrice?: number;
-  hq?: boolean;
-  item: QqbotFf14ResolvedItem;
-  listings: UniversalisListing[];
-  minPrice?: number;
-  replyText: string;
-  updatedAt?: string;
-  world: string;
-};
+import type {
+  Ff14HttpMethod,
+  QqbotFf14PriceResult,
+  QqbotFf14ResolvedItem,
+  UniversalisListing,
+  UniversalisMarketResponse,
+  XivapiSearchItem,
+} from './qqbot-ff14-market.types';
 
 @Injectable()
 export class QqbotFf14ClientService {
@@ -416,7 +367,7 @@ export class QqbotFf14ClientService {
     return value.replace(/\\/g, '\\\\').replace(/"/g, '\\"');
   }
 
-  private requestJson<T>(url: URL, method: HttpMethod, context: string) {
+  private requestJson<T>(url: URL, method: Ff14HttpMethod, context: string) {
     return new Promise<T>((resolve, reject) => {
       const client = url.protocol === 'http:' ? http : https;
       const request = client.request(
diff --git a/src/qqbot/plugins/ff14Market/qqbot-ff14-market.plugin.ts b/src/qqbot/plugins/ff14Market/qqbot-ff14-market.plugin.ts
index 61bd247..2b8848c 100644
--- a/src/qqbot/plugins/ff14Market/qqbot-ff14-market.plugin.ts
+++ b/src/qqbot/plugins/ff14Market/qqbot-ff14-market.plugin.ts
@@ -1,14 +1,19 @@
 import { Injectable } from '@nestjs/common';
-import type { QqbotIntegrationPlugin } from '../../plugin/qqbot-plugin.types';
+import { ToolsService } from '@/common';
+import type { QqbotIntegrationPlugin } from '../../qqbot.types';
 import { QqbotFf14ClientService } from './qqbot-ff14-client.service';
 
 @Injectable()
 export class QqbotFf14MarketPluginService {
-  constructor(private readonly ff14ClientService: QqbotFf14ClientService) {}
+  constructor(
+    private readonly ff14ClientService: QqbotFf14ClientService,
+    private readonly toolsService: ToolsService,
+  ) {}
 
   getPlugin(): QqbotIntegrationPlugin {
     return {
-      description: '对接 XIVAPI v2 与 Universalis，提供 FF14 物品解析和市场价格查询能力。',
+      description:
+        '对接 XIVAPI v2 与 Universalis，提供 FF14 物品解析和市场价格查询能力。',
       healthCheck: async () => {
         const checkedAt = new Date().toISOString();
         try {
@@ -24,7 +29,7 @@ export class QqbotFf14MarketPluginService {
         } catch (err) {
           return {
             checkedAt,
-            message: err instanceof Error ? err.message : 'FF14 插件不可用',
+            message: this.toolsService.getErrorMessage(err, 'FF14 插件不可用'),
             status: 'degraded',
           };
         }
@@ -82,7 +87,8 @@ export class QqbotFf14MarketPluginService {
             },
             type: 'object',
           },
-          execute: async (input) => await this.ff14ClientService.getPrice(input),
+          execute: async (input) =>
+            await this.ff14ClientService.getPrice(input),
         },
       ],
       version: '1.0.0',
diff --git a/src/qqbot/plugins/ff14Market/qqbot-ff14-market.types.ts b/src/qqbot/plugins/ff14Market/qqbot-ff14-market.types.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..870eaa7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/qqbot/plugins/ff14Market/qqbot-ff14-market.types.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+export type Ff14HttpMethod = 'GET';
+
+export type QqbotFf14DataCenter = {
+  name: string;
+  region: string;
+  worlds: string[];
+};
+
+export type QqbotFf14MarketCatalog = {
+  dataCenters: QqbotFf14DataCenter[];
+  defaultRegion?: string;
+  regions: string[];
+};
+
+export type QqbotFf14MarketTarget = {
+  dataCenter?: string;
+  label: string;
+  region?: string;
+  target: string;
+  world?: string;
+};
+
+export type QqbotFf14ResolvedItem = {
+  icon?: string;
+  isUntradable?: boolean;
+  itemId: number;
+  itemLevel?: number;
+  name: string;
+};
+
+export type UniversalisListing = {
+  hq?: boolean;
+  lastReviewTime?: number;
+  pricePerUnit?: number;
+  quantity?: number;
+  retainerName?: string;
+  total?: number;
+  worldName?: string;
+};
+
+export type QqbotFf14PriceResult = {
+  averagePrice?: number;
+  hq?: boolean;
+  item: QqbotFf14ResolvedItem;
+  listings: UniversalisListing[];
+  minPrice?: number;
+  replyText: string;
+  updatedAt?: string;
+  world: string;
+};
+
+export type UniversalisMarketResponse = {
+  currentAveragePrice?: number;
+  currentAveragePriceHQ?: number;
+  currentAveragePriceNQ?: number;
+  itemID?: number;
+  lastUploadTime?: number;
+  listings?: UniversalisListing[];
+  minPrice?: number;
+  minPriceHQ?: number;
+  minPriceNQ?: number;
+  worldName?: string;
+};
+
+export type XivapiSearchItem = {
+  fields?: {
+    Icon?: string | { path?: string; path_hr1?: string };
+    IsUntradable?: boolean;
+    LevelItem?: number | { row_id?: number; value?: number };
+    Name?: string;
+  };
+  id?: number;
+  name?: string;
+  row_id?: number;
+  sheet?: string;
+};
diff --git a/src/qqbot/plugins/ff14Market/qqbot-ff14-worlds.ts b/src/qqbot/plugins/ff14Market/qqbot-ff14-worlds.ts
index 5b7f9fa..766f7a4 100644
--- a/src/qqbot/plugins/ff14Market/qqbot-ff14-worlds.ts
+++ b/src/qqbot/plugins/ff14Market/qqbot-ff14-worlds.ts
@@ -1,27 +1,12 @@
 import type {
   AdminDictItem,
   AdminDictTreeItem,
-} from '../../../admin/dict/dict.service';
-
-export type QqbotFf14DataCenter = {
-  name: string;
-  region: string;
-  worlds: string[];
-};
-
-export type QqbotFf14MarketCatalog = {
-  dataCenters: QqbotFf14DataCenter[];
-  defaultRegion?: string;
-  regions: string[];
-};
-
-export type QqbotFf14MarketTarget = {
-  dataCenter?: string;
-  label: string;
-  region?: string;
-  target: string;
-  world?: string;
-};
+} from '../../../admin/admin.types';
+import type {
+  QqbotFf14DataCenter,
+  QqbotFf14MarketCatalog,
+  QqbotFf14MarketTarget,
+} from './qqbot-ff14-market.types';
 
 export const QQBOT_FF14_MARKET_DICT_CODES = {
   dataCenter: 'FF14_MARKET_DATA_CENTER',
diff --git a/src/qqbot/plugins/fflogs/qqbot-fflogs-client.service.ts b/src/qqbot/plugins/fflogs/qqbot-fflogs-client.service.ts
index 1c89e02..b97f7d3 100644
--- a/src/qqbot/plugins/fflogs/qqbot-fflogs-client.service.ts
+++ b/src/qqbot/plugins/fflogs/qqbot-fflogs-client.service.ts
@@ -3,114 +3,23 @@ import { ConfigService } from '@nestjs/config';
 import * as http from 'node:http';
 import * as https from 'node:https';
 import { DictService } from '../../../admin/dict/dict.service';
-
-type HttpMethod = 'GET' | 'POST';
-
-type FflogsTokenResponse = {
-  access_token?: string;
-  expires_in?: number;
-  token_type?: string;
-};
-
-type FflogsGraphqlResponse<T> = {
-  data?: T;
-  errors?: Array<{ message?: string }>;
-};
-
-type FflogsCharacter = {
-  id?: number;
-  lodestoneID?: number;
-  name?: string;
-  recentReports?: {
-    data?: FflogsRecentReport[];
-  };
-  server?: {
-    name?: string;
-    slug?: string;
-  };
-  zoneRankings?: unknown;
-};
-
-type FflogsReportFight = {
-  difficulty?: number | null;
-  encounterID?: number;
-  endTime?: number;
-  id?: number;
-  kill?: boolean | null;
-  name?: string;
-  startTime?: number;
-};
-
-type FflogsRecentReport = {
-  code?: string;
-  endTime?: number;
-  fights?: FflogsReportFight[];
-  startTime?: number;
-  title?: string;
-  zone?: {
-    id?: number;
-    name?: string;
-  };
-};
-
-type FflogsCharacterSummaryResponse = {
-  characterData?: {
-    character?: FflogsCharacter | null;
-  };
-};
-
-type FflogsReportFightMetricsResponse = {
-  reportData?: {
-    report?: {
-      damage?: unknown;
-      dpsRankings?: unknown;
-      healing?: unknown;
-      hpsRankings?: unknown;
-    } | null;
-  };
-};
-
-type FflogsRankingItem = Record<string, any>;
-
-type FflogsEncounterLookup = {
-  displayName: string;
-  encounterId?: number;
-  input: string;
-  keys: string[];
-};
-
-type FflogsEncounterFightCandidate = {
-  absoluteStartTime: number;
-  fight: FflogsReportFight;
-  report: FflogsRecentReport;
-};
-
-type FflogsParseMetric = {
-  amount?: number;
-  color: string;
-  percent?: number;
-  rank?: string;
-};
-
-export type QqbotFflogsEncounterLogItem = {
-  adps?: number;
-  color: string;
-  damageScore?: number;
-  dps?: number;
-  durationMs?: number;
-  encounterName: string;
-  fightId?: number;
-  healingColor: string;
-  healingScore?: number;
-  hps?: number;
-  kill?: boolean | null;
-  logCode: string;
-  logUrl: string;
-  ndps?: number;
-  rdps?: number;
-  reportTitle?: string;
-  startTime?: number;
-};
+import type {
+  FflogsCharacterSummaryResponse,
+  FflogsEncounterFightCandidate,
+  FflogsEncounterLookup,
+  FflogsGraphqlResponse,
+  FflogsHttpMethod,
+  FflogsLocalizationMaps,
+  FflogsParseMetric,
+  FflogsRankingItem,
+  FflogsRecentReport,
+  FflogsReportFight,
+  FflogsReportFightMetricsResponse,
+  FflogsTokenResponse,
+  QqbotFflogsCharacterSummaryInput,
+  QqbotFflogsCharacterSummaryResult,
+  QqbotFflogsEncounterLogItem,
+} from './qqbot-fflogs.types';
 
 const FFLOGS_LOCALIZATION_DICT_CODES = {
   encounter: 'FFLOGS_ENCOUNTER_LABEL',
@@ -120,45 +29,6 @@ const FFLOGS_LOCALIZATION_DICT_CODES = {
   serverRegion: 'FFLOGS_SERVER_REGION_LABEL',
 };
 
-type FflogsLocalizationMaps = Record<
-  keyof typeof FFLOGS_LOCALIZATION_DICT_CODES,
-  Map<string, string>
->;
-
-export type QqbotFflogsCharacterSummaryInput = {
-  character?: string;
-  characterName?: string;
-  className?: string;
-  difficulty?: number | string;
-  encounter?: string;
-  encounterName?: string;
-  limit?: number | string;
-  metric?: string;
-  partition?: number | string;
-  reportsLimit?: number | string;
-  role?: string;
-  server?: string;
-  serverRegion?: string;
-  serverSlug?: string;
-  size?: number | string;
-  specName?: string;
-  timeframe?: string;
-  zoneId?: number | string;
-};
-
-export type QqbotFflogsCharacterSummaryResult = {
-  allStarText?: string;
-  characterId?: number;
-  characterName: string;
-  encounterName?: string;
-  logs?: QqbotFflogsEncounterLogItem[];
-  rankings: FflogsRankingItem[];
-  replyText: string;
-  serverName: string;
-  serverRegion: string;
-  url: string;
-};
-
 @Injectable()
 export class QqbotFflogsClientService {
   private accessToken = '';
@@ -655,7 +525,7 @@ export class QqbotFflogsClientService {
 
   private requestJson<T>(
     url: URL,
-    method: HttpMethod,
+    method: FflogsHttpMethod,
     options: { body?: string; headers?: Record<string, string> } = {},
   ) {
     return new Promise<T>((resolve, reject) => {
diff --git a/src/qqbot/plugins/fflogs/qqbot-fflogs.plugin.ts b/src/qqbot/plugins/fflogs/qqbot-fflogs.plugin.ts
index 8bd2058..db9f933 100644
--- a/src/qqbot/plugins/fflogs/qqbot-fflogs.plugin.ts
+++ b/src/qqbot/plugins/fflogs/qqbot-fflogs.plugin.ts
@@ -1,10 +1,14 @@
 import { Injectable } from '@nestjs/common';
-import type { QqbotIntegrationPlugin } from '../../plugin/qqbot-plugin.types';
+import { ToolsService } from '@/common';
+import type { QqbotIntegrationPlugin } from '../../qqbot.types';
 import { QqbotFflogsClientService } from './qqbot-fflogs-client.service';
 
 @Injectable()
 export class QqbotFflogsPluginService {
-  constructor(private readonly fflogsClientService: QqbotFflogsClientService) {}
+  constructor(
+    private readonly fflogsClientService: QqbotFflogsClientService,
+    private readonly toolsService: ToolsService,
+  ) {}
 
   getPlugin(): QqbotIntegrationPlugin {
     return {
@@ -22,7 +26,10 @@ export class QqbotFflogsPluginService {
         } catch (err) {
           return {
             checkedAt,
-            message: err instanceof Error ? err.message : 'FFLogs 插件不可用',
+            message: this.toolsService.getErrorMessage(
+              err,
+              'FFLogs 插件不可用',
+            ),
             status: 'degraded',
           };
         }
diff --git a/src/qqbot/plugins/fflogs/qqbot-fflogs.types.ts b/src/qqbot/plugins/fflogs/qqbot-fflogs.types.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8491165
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/qqbot/plugins/fflogs/qqbot-fflogs.types.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,153 @@
+export type FflogsCharacter = {
+  id?: number;
+  lodestoneID?: number;
+  name?: string;
+  recentReports?: {
+    data?: FflogsRecentReport[];
+  };
+  server?: {
+    name?: string;
+    slug?: string;
+  };
+  zoneRankings?: unknown;
+};
+
+export type FflogsCharacterSummaryResponse = {
+  characterData?: {
+    character?: FflogsCharacter | null;
+  };
+};
+
+export type FflogsEncounterFightCandidate = {
+  absoluteStartTime: number;
+  fight: FflogsReportFight;
+  report: FflogsRecentReport;
+};
+
+export type FflogsEncounterLookup = {
+  displayName: string;
+  encounterId?: number;
+  input: string;
+  keys: string[];
+};
+
+export type FflogsGraphqlResponse<T> = {
+  data?: T;
+  errors?: Array<{ message?: string }>;
+};
+
+export type FflogsHttpMethod = 'GET' | 'POST';
+
+export type FflogsLocalizationKey =
+  | 'encounter'
+  | 'job'
+  | 'metric'
+  | 'role'
+  | 'serverRegion';
+
+export type FflogsLocalizationMaps = Record<
+  FflogsLocalizationKey,
+  Map<string, string>
+>;
+
+export type FflogsParseMetric = {
+  amount?: number;
+  color: string;
+  percent?: number;
+  rank?: string;
+};
+
+export type FflogsRankingItem = Record<string, any>;
+
+export type FflogsRecentReport = {
+  code?: string;
+  endTime?: number;
+  fights?: FflogsReportFight[];
+  startTime?: number;
+  title?: string;
+  zone?: {
+    id?: number;
+    name?: string;
+  };
+};
+
+export type FflogsReportFight = {
+  difficulty?: number | null;
+  encounterID?: number;
+  endTime?: number;
+  id?: number;
+  kill?: boolean | null;
+  name?: string;
+  startTime?: number;
+};
+
+export type FflogsReportFightMetricsResponse = {
+  reportData?: {
+    report?: {
+      damage?: unknown;
+      dpsRankings?: unknown;
+      healing?: unknown;
+      hpsRankings?: unknown;
+    } | null;
+  };
+};
+
+export type FflogsTokenResponse = {
+  access_token?: string;
+  expires_in?: number;
+  token_type?: string;
+};
+
+export type QqbotFflogsCharacterSummaryInput = {
+  character?: string;
+  characterName?: string;
+  className?: string;
+  difficulty?: number | string;
+  encounter?: string;
+  encounterName?: string;
+  limit?: number | string;
+  metric?: string;
+  partition?: number | string;
+  reportsLimit?: number | string;
+  role?: string;
+  server?: string;
+  serverRegion?: string;
+  serverSlug?: string;
+  size?: number | string;
+  specName?: string;
+  timeframe?: string;
+  zoneId?: number | string;
+};
+
+export type QqbotFflogsCharacterSummaryResult = {
+  allStarText?: string;
+  characterId?: number;
+  characterName: string;
+  encounterName?: string;
+  logs?: QqbotFflogsEncounterLogItem[];
+  rankings: FflogsRankingItem[];
+  replyText: string;
+  serverName: string;
+  serverRegion: string;
+  url: string;
+};
+
+export type QqbotFflogsEncounterLogItem = {
+  adps?: number;
+  color: string;
+  damageScore?: number;
+  dps?: number;
+  durationMs?: number;
+  encounterName: string;
+  fightId?: number;
+  healingColor: string;
+  healingScore?: number;
+  hps?: number;
+  kill?: boolean | null;
+  logCode: string;
+  logUrl: string;
+  ndps?: number;
+  rdps?: number;
+  reportTitle?: string;
+  startTime?: number;
+};
diff --git a/src/qqbot/plugins/repeater/qqbot-repeater.plugin.ts b/src/qqbot/plugins/repeater/qqbot-repeater.plugin.ts
index bfd58b0..9585bc0 100644
--- a/src/qqbot/plugins/repeater/qqbot-repeater.plugin.ts
+++ b/src/qqbot/plugins/repeater/qqbot-repeater.plugin.ts
@@ -1,23 +1,18 @@
 import { Injectable, Logger } from '@nestjs/common';
 import { ConfigService } from '@nestjs/config';
+import { ToolsService } from '@/common';
 import { QqbotAccountService } from '../../account/qqbot-account.service';
 import type {
   QqbotEventPluginDefinition,
   QqbotEventPluginSummary,
-} from '../../plugin/qqbot-plugin.types';
-import type { QqbotNormalizedMessage } from '../../qqbot.types';
+  QqbotNormalizedMessage,
+  QqbotRepeaterConversationState,
+} from '../../qqbot.types';
 import { QqbotSendService } from '../../send/qqbot-send.service';
 
 const QQBOT_REPEATER_VERSION = '1.0.0';
 const QQBOT_REPEATER_PLUGIN_KEY = 'repeater';
 
-type QqbotRepeaterConversationState = {
-  count: number;
-  lastText: string;
-  repeatedText: string;
-  updatedAt: number;
-};
-
 @Injectable()
 export class QqbotRepeaterPluginService {
   private readonly logger = new Logger(QqbotRepeaterPluginService.name);
@@ -39,6 +34,7 @@ export class QqbotRepeaterPluginService {
     private readonly configService: ConfigService,
     private readonly accountService: QqbotAccountService,
     private readonly sendService: QqbotSendService,
+    private readonly toolsService: ToolsService,
   ) {}
 
   async getSummary(params: {
@@ -96,7 +92,7 @@ export class QqbotRepeaterPluginService {
 
   async handleMessage(message: QqbotNormalizedMessage) {
     if (!(await this.isBound(message.selfId))) return false;
-    const text = this.normalizeText(message.messageText);
+    const text = this.toolsService.normalizeWhitespaceText(message.messageText);
     if (!this.canRepeat(message, text)) {
       this.resetState(message);
       return false;
@@ -120,7 +116,7 @@ export class QqbotRepeaterPluginService {
       });
       return true;
     } catch (err) {
-      const errMsg = err instanceof Error ? err.message : '复读失败';
+      const errMsg = this.toolsService.getErrorMessage(err, '复读失败');
       this.logger.warn(`QQBot 复读机发送失败: ${errMsg}`);
       return false;
     }
@@ -173,10 +169,6 @@ export class QqbotRepeaterPluginService {
     return state.count >= this.getThreshold() && state.repeatedText !== text;
   }
 
-  private normalizeText(value: string) {
-    return `${value || ''}`.trim().replace(/\s+/g, ' ');
-  }
-
   private resetState(message: QqbotNormalizedMessage) {
     this.states.delete(this.buildStateKey(message));
   }
diff --git a/src/qqbot/qqbot.types.ts b/src/qqbot/qqbot.types.ts
index 059f44f..b5f74e6 100644
--- a/src/qqbot/qqbot.types.ts
+++ b/src/qqbot/qqbot.types.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,46 @@
+import type { QrcodeLookupOptions } from '@/common/types';
+import type { QqbotAccount } from './account/qqbot-account.entity';
+import type { QqbotCommand } from './command/qqbot-command.entity';
+import type { QqbotAllowlist } from './permission/qqbot-allowlist.entity';
+import type { QqbotBlocklist } from './permission/qqbot-blocklist.entity';
+
+export type { QrcodeLookupOptions } from '@/common/types';
+
+export type NapcatApiResponse<T> = {
+  code: number;
+  data?: T;
+  message?: string;
+};
+
+export type NapcatCredential = {
+  Credential?: string;
+};
+
+export type NapcatLoginInfo = Record<string, any> & {
+  avatarUrl?: string;
+  nick?: string;
+  nickname?: string;
+  online?: boolean;
+  uin?: number | string;
+};
+
+export type NapcatLoginStatus = {
+  isLogin?: boolean;
+  isOffline?: boolean;
+  loginError?: string;
+  qrcodeurl?: string;
+};
+
+export type NapcatQrcode = {
+  qrcode?: string;
+  qrcodeurl?: string;
+  url?: string;
+};
+
+export type NapcatRestartOptions = {
+  waitForReady?: boolean;
+};
+
 export type QqbotConnectionMode = 'reverse-ws';
 
 export type QqbotConnectionRole = 'API' | 'Event' | 'Universal';
@@ -20,18 +63,135 @@ export type QqbotNapcatContainerStatus =
 
 export type QqbotAccountNapcatBindStatus = 'bound' | 'disabled' | 'pending';
 
+export type QqbotAccountAbilityType = 'command' | 'event_plugin' | 'rule';
+
+export type QqbotAccountNapcatRuntimeInfo = {
+  bindStatus?: QqbotAccountNapcatBindStatus;
+  containerId?: string;
+  containerName?: string;
+  containerStatus?: QqbotNapcatContainerStatus;
+  lastCheckedAt?: Date | null;
+  lastError?: null | string;
+  lastLoginAt?: Date | null;
+  lastStartedAt?: Date | null;
+  webuiPort?: null | number;
+};
+
+export type QqbotAccountListItem = QqbotAccount & {
+  napcat?: null | QqbotAccountNapcatRuntimeInfo;
+};
+
 export type QqbotRuleMatchType = 'equals' | 'keyword' | 'regex';
 
 export type QqbotRuleTargetType = 'all' | 'channel' | 'group' | 'private';
 
 export type QqbotCommandParserType = 'ff14Price' | 'fflogsCharacter' | 'plain';
 
+export type QqbotCommandLogStatus = 'failed' | 'success';
+
+export type QqbotCommandMatchResult = {
+  alias: string;
+  input: Record<string, any>;
+  matched: true;
+  rawArgs: string;
+};
+
 export type QqbotPluginHealthStatus = 'degraded' | 'healthy' | 'offline';
 
+export type QqbotPluginHealth = {
+  checkedAt: string;
+  message?: string;
+  name?: string;
+  pluginKey?: string;
+  status: QqbotPluginHealthStatus;
+  triggerMode?: QqbotPluginTriggerMode;
+};
+
+export type QqbotPluginTriggerMode = 'command' | 'event';
+
+export type QqbotPluginOperationContext = {
+  args?: Record<string, any>;
+  command?: QqbotCommand;
+  message?: QqbotNormalizedMessage;
+};
+
+export type QqbotPluginOperation<Input = any, Output = any> = {
+  cacheTtlMs?: number;
+  description?: string;
+  inputSchema?: Record<string, any>;
+  key: string;
+  name: string;
+  outputSchema?: Record<string, any>;
+  execute: (
+    input: Input,
+    context: QqbotPluginOperationContext,
+  ) => Promise<Output>;
+};
+
+export type QqbotIntegrationPlugin = {
+  description?: string;
+  healthCheck?: () => Promise<QqbotPluginHealth>;
+  key: string;
+  name: string;
+  operations: QqbotPluginOperation[];
+  version: string;
+};
+
+export type QqbotEventPluginSummary = {
+  accountName?: string;
+  bound: boolean;
+  connectStatus?: string;
+  description?: string;
+  key: string;
+  name: string;
+  remark?: string;
+  selfId: string;
+  triggerType: 'message';
+  version: string;
+};
+
+export type QqbotEventPluginDefinition = {
+  description?: string;
+  key: string;
+  name: string;
+  remark?: string;
+  triggerType: 'message';
+  version: string;
+};
+
+export type QqbotPluginSummary = {
+  description?: string;
+  key: string;
+  name: string;
+  operationCount: number;
+  triggerMode: QqbotPluginTriggerMode;
+  version: string;
+};
+
+export type QqbotPluginOperationSummary = {
+  cacheTtlMs?: number;
+  description?: string;
+  inputSchema?: Record<string, any>;
+  key: string;
+  name: string;
+  outputSchema?: Record<string, any>;
+  pluginKey: string;
+  triggerMode: QqbotPluginTriggerMode;
+};
+
 export type QqbotSendStatus = 'failed' | 'pending' | 'success';
 
 export type QqbotPermissionTargetType = 'channel' | 'group' | 'private' | 'qq';
 
+export type QqbotPermissionConfig = {
+  allowlistEnabled: boolean;
+  blocklistEnabled: boolean;
+};
+
+export type QqbotPermissionEntity = QqbotAllowlist | QqbotBlocklist;
+
+export type QqbotPermissionKind = 'allowlist' | 'blocklist';
+
 export type QqbotOneBotEvent = Record<string, any> & {
   channel_id?: number | string;
   group_id?: number | string;
@@ -69,3 +229,68 @@ export type QqbotOneBotActionResponse = {
   retcode?: number;
   status?: string;
 };
+
+export type QqbotBusHandler = (payload: any) => Promise<void> | void;
+
+export type QqbotLoginScanResult = {
+  accountId?: string;
+  containerId?: string;
+  containerName?: string;
+  errorMessage?: string;
+  expiresAt?: number;
+  mode: QqbotLoginScanMode;
+  qrcode?: string;
+  selfId?: string;
+  sessionId?: string;
+  status: QqbotLoginScanStatus;
+  webuiPort?: null | number;
+};
+
+export type QqbotLoginScanSession = {
+  accountId?: string;
+  containerId?: string;
+  containerName?: string;
+  createdAt: number;
+  errorMessage?: string;
+  expiresAt: number;
+  expectedSelfId?: string;
+  id: string;
+  lastRestartedAt?: number;
+  mode: QqbotLoginScanMode;
+  qrcode?: string;
+  status: QqbotLoginScanStatus;
+  webuiPort?: null | number;
+};
+
+export type QqbotNapcatRuntime = {
+  baseUrl: string;
+  id?: string;
+  name: string;
+  webuiPort?: null | number;
+  webuiToken?: null | string;
+};
+
+export type QqbotPendingAction = {
+  reject: (reason: Error) => void;
+  resolve: (value: QqbotOneBotActionResponse) => void;
+  timer: NodeJS.Timeout;
+};
+
+export type QqbotReverseActionSender = {
+  sendAction: (
+    selfId: string,
+    action: string,
+    params: Record<string, any>,
+  ) => Promise<QqbotOneBotActionResponse>;
+};
+
+export type QqbotRepeaterConversationState = {
+  count: number;
+  lastText: string;
+  repeatedText: string;
+  updatedAt: number;
+};
+
+export type QrcodeRefreshOptions = QrcodeLookupOptions & {
+  fallbackStatus?: NapcatLoginStatus;
+};
diff --git a/src/qqbot/qqbot.utils.ts b/src/qqbot/qqbot.utils.ts
deleted file mode 100644
index 745466e..0000000
--- a/src/qqbot/qqbot.utils.ts
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,41 +0,0 @@
-import {
-  QQBOT_DEFAULT_PAGE_NO,
-  QQBOT_DEFAULT_PAGE_SIZE,
-} from './qqbot.constants';
-
-export type QqbotPageQuery = {
-  pageNo?: number | string;
-  pageSize?: number | string;
-};
-
-export function toStringId(value: number | string | undefined) {
-  return value === undefined || value === null ? '' : `${value}`;
-}
-
-export function toNumber(value: number | string | undefined, fallback: number) {
-  const nextValue = Number(value);
-  return Number.isFinite(nextValue) && nextValue > 0 ? nextValue : fallback;
-}
-
-export function getPageParams(query: QqbotPageQuery = {}) {
-  const pageNo = toNumber(query.pageNo, QQBOT_DEFAULT_PAGE_NO);
-  const pageSize = toNumber(query.pageSize, QQBOT_DEFAULT_PAGE_SIZE);
-  return {
-    pageNo,
-    pageSize,
-    skip: (pageNo - 1) * pageSize,
-  };
-}
-
-export function normalizeBoolean(value: any, fallback = false) {
-  if (value === undefined || value === null || value === '') return fallback;
-  if (typeof value === 'boolean') return value;
-  if (typeof value === 'number') return value === 1;
-  return ['1', 'true', 'yes'].includes(`${value}`.toLowerCase());
-}
-
-export function normalizeNullableString(value: any) {
-  if (value === undefined || value === null) return null;
-  const nextValue = `${value}`.trim();
-  return nextValue ? nextValue : null;
-}
diff --git a/src/qqbot/rule/qqbot-rule-engine.service.ts b/src/qqbot/rule/qqbot-rule-engine.service.ts
index 85d8eaa..83fb4d2 100644
--- a/src/qqbot/rule/qqbot-rule-engine.service.ts
+++ b/src/qqbot/rule/qqbot-rule-engine.service.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import { Injectable, Logger } from '@nestjs/common';
+import { ToolsService } from '@/common';
 import type { QqbotNormalizedMessage } from '../qqbot.types';
 import { QqbotCommandEngineService } from '../command/qqbot-command-engine.service';
 import { QqbotPermissionService } from '../permission/qqbot-permission.service';
@@ -16,6 +17,7 @@ export class QqbotRuleEngineService {
     private readonly repeaterPluginService: QqbotRepeaterPluginService,
     private readonly ruleService: QqbotRuleService,
     private readonly sendService: QqbotSendService,
+    private readonly toolsService: ToolsService,
   ) {}
 
   async handleMessage(message: QqbotNormalizedMessage) {
@@ -41,7 +43,7 @@ export class QqbotRuleEngineService {
           targetType: message.messageType,
         });
       } catch (err) {
-        const errMsg = err instanceof Error ? err.message : '自动回复失败';
+        const errMsg = this.toolsService.getErrorMessage(err, '自动回复失败');
         this.logger.warn(`QQBot 自动回复失败: ${errMsg}`);
       }
       return;
diff --git a/src/qqbot/rule/qqbot-rule.controller.ts b/src/qqbot/rule/qqbot-rule.controller.ts
index 9cc950b..bdcea7b 100644
--- a/src/qqbot/rule/qqbot-rule.controller.ts
+++ b/src/qqbot/rule/qqbot-rule.controller.ts
@@ -10,20 +10,22 @@ import {
 } from '@nestjs/common';
 import { ApiOperation, ApiQuery, ApiTags } from '@nestjs/swagger';
 import { JwtAuthGuard } from '@/admin/auth/jwt-auth.guard';
-import { vbenSuccess } from '@/common';
+import { ToolsService, vbenSuccess } from '@/common';
 import {
   QqbotRuleBodyDto,
   QqbotRuleQueryDto,
   QqbotRuleUpdateDto,
 } from './qqbot-rule.dto';
 import { QqbotRuleService } from './qqbot-rule.service';
-import { normalizeBoolean } from '../qqbot.utils';
 
 @ApiTags('QQBot - 自动回复规则')
 @Controller('qqbot/rule')
 @UseGuards(JwtAuthGuard)
 export class QqbotRuleController {
-  constructor(private readonly ruleService: QqbotRuleService) {}
+  constructor(
+    private readonly ruleService: QqbotRuleService,
+    private readonly toolsService: ToolsService,
+  ) {}
 
   @Get('list')
   @ApiOperation({ summary: 'QQBot 自动回复规则分页' })
@@ -60,7 +62,10 @@ export class QqbotRuleController {
   @ApiQuery({ name: 'enabled', type: Boolean })
   async toggle(@Query('id') id: string, @Query('enabled') enabled: string) {
     return vbenSuccess(
-      await this.ruleService.toggle(id, normalizeBoolean(enabled)),
+      await this.ruleService.toggle(
+        id,
+        this.toolsService.normalizeBoolean(enabled),
+      ),
     );
   }
 }
diff --git a/src/qqbot/rule/qqbot-rule.service.ts b/src/qqbot/rule/qqbot-rule.service.ts
index 61055f8..aa83e5e 100644
--- a/src/qqbot/rule/qqbot-rule.service.ts
+++ b/src/qqbot/rule/qqbot-rule.service.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { Injectable } from '@nestjs/common';
 import { InjectRepository } from '@nestjs/typeorm';
 import { Repository } from 'typeorm';
-import { throwVbenError } from '@/common';
+import { throwVbenError, ToolsService } from '@/common';
 import { QqbotAccountService } from '../account/qqbot-account.service';
 import { QqbotRule } from './qqbot-rule.entity';
 import type {
@@ -14,7 +14,10 @@ import type {
   QqbotRuleMatchType,
   QqbotRuleTargetType,
 } from '../qqbot.types';
-import { getPageParams, normalizeBoolean } from '../qqbot.utils';
+import {
+  QQBOT_DEFAULT_PAGE_NO,
+  QQBOT_DEFAULT_PAGE_SIZE,
+} from '../qqbot.constants';
 
 @Injectable()
 export class QqbotRuleService {
@@ -22,10 +25,15 @@ export class QqbotRuleService {
     @InjectRepository(QqbotRule)
     private readonly ruleRepository: Repository<QqbotRule>,
     private readonly accountService: QqbotAccountService,
+    private readonly toolsService: ToolsService,
   ) {}
 
   async page(query: QqbotRuleQueryDto) {
-    const { pageNo, pageSize, skip } = getPageParams(query);
+    const { pageNo, pageSize, skip } = this.toolsService.getPageParams(
+      query,
+      QQBOT_DEFAULT_PAGE_NO,
+      QQBOT_DEFAULT_PAGE_SIZE,
+    );
     const builder = this.ruleRepository
       .createQueryBuilder('rule')
       .where('rule.isDeleted = :isDeleted', { isDeleted: false });
@@ -52,7 +60,7 @@ export class QqbotRuleService {
     }
     if (query.enabled !== undefined && `${query.enabled}` !== '') {
       builder.andWhere('rule.enabled = :enabled', {
-        enabled: normalizeBoolean(query.enabled),
+        enabled: this.toolsService.normalizeBoolean(query.enabled),
       });
     }
 
diff --git a/src/qqbot/send/qqbot-send.service.ts b/src/qqbot/send/qqbot-send.service.ts
index 611a7a1..e59be16 100644
--- a/src/qqbot/send/qqbot-send.service.ts
+++ b/src/qqbot/send/qqbot-send.service.ts
@@ -2,14 +2,19 @@ import { Injectable } from '@nestjs/common';
 import { ModuleRef } from '@nestjs/core';
 import { InjectRepository } from '@nestjs/typeorm';
 import { Repository } from 'typeorm';
-import { throwVbenError } from '@/common';
+import { throwVbenError, ToolsService } from '@/common';
 import { QqbotAccountService } from '../account/qqbot-account.service';
-import type { QqbotReverseWsService } from '../connection/qqbot-reverse-ws.service';
 import { QQBOT_MQTT_TOPICS } from '../qqbot.constants';
 import { QqbotBusService } from '../mqtt/qqbot-bus.service';
 import { QqbotMessageService } from '../message/qqbot-message.service';
-import type { QqbotMessageType } from '../qqbot.types';
-import { getPageParams } from '../qqbot.utils';
+import type {
+  QqbotMessageType,
+  QqbotReverseActionSender,
+} from '../qqbot.types';
+import {
+  QQBOT_DEFAULT_PAGE_NO,
+  QQBOT_DEFAULT_PAGE_SIZE,
+} from '../qqbot.constants';
 import { QqbotRateLimitService } from './qqbot-rate-limit.service';
 import { QqbotSendLog } from './qqbot-send-log.entity';
 import type {
@@ -28,10 +33,15 @@ export class QqbotSendService {
     private readonly messageService: QqbotMessageService,
     private readonly moduleRef: ModuleRef,
     private readonly rateLimitService: QqbotRateLimitService,
+    private readonly toolsService: ToolsService,
   ) {}
 
   async logPage(query: QqbotSendLogQueryDto) {
-    const { pageNo, pageSize, skip } = getPageParams(query);
+    const { pageNo, pageSize, skip } = this.toolsService.getPageParams(
+      query,
+      QQBOT_DEFAULT_PAGE_NO,
+      QQBOT_DEFAULT_PAGE_SIZE,
+    );
     const builder = this.sendLogRepository.createQueryBuilder('log');
 
     if (query.selfId) {
@@ -152,7 +162,7 @@ export class QqbotSendService {
       if (!success) throwVbenError(response.message || 'OneBot 发送失败');
       return { ...response, logId: log.id };
     } catch (err) {
-      const message = err instanceof Error ? err.message : 'OneBot 发送失败';
+      const message = this.toolsService.getErrorMessage(err, 'OneBot 发送失败');
       await this.sendLogRepository.update(
         { id: log.id },
         {
@@ -164,11 +174,11 @@ export class QqbotSendService {
     }
   }
 
-  private async getReverseWsService() {
+  private async getReverseWsService(): Promise<QqbotReverseActionSender> {
     const { QqbotReverseWsService } = await import(
       '../connection/qqbot-reverse-ws.service'
     );
-    return this.moduleRef.get<QqbotReverseWsService>(QqbotReverseWsService, {
+    return this.moduleRef.get<QqbotReverseActionSender>(QqbotReverseWsService, {
       strict: false,
     });
   }
diff --git a/src/types/res.d.ts b/src/types/res.d.ts
deleted file mode 100644
index 483fa06..0000000
--- a/src/types/res.d.ts
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,28 +0,0 @@
-type Res =
-  | {
-      code: 200;
-      msg: string;
-      data: any;
-    }
-  | {
-      code: number;
-      msg: string;
-      err: any;
-    };
-
-type Page<T = any> = {
-  list: T[];
-  total: number;
-};
-
-type Dict<T = object> = {
-  label: string;
-  value: any;
-} & Partial<T>;
-
-type PageParams<T> = {
-  pageSize: number;
-  pageNo: number;
-} & Partial<T>;
-
-type Many<T> = T | readonly T[];
diff --git a/src/wordpress/wordpress.service.ts b/src/wordpress/wordpress.service.ts
index 7687dec..26d8b13 100644
--- a/src/wordpress/wordpress.service.ts
+++ b/src/wordpress/wordpress.service.ts
@@ -1,63 +1,23 @@
 import { HttpException, HttpStatus, Injectable } from '@nestjs/common';
 import { ConfigService } from '@nestjs/config';
 import type { Request, Response as ExpressResponse } from 'express';
-import { throwVbenError } from '@/common';
+import { throwVbenError, ToolsService } from '@/common';
 import type {
   WordpressArticleBodyDto,
   WordpressArticleListQueryDto,
   WordpressTermBodyDto,
   WordpressTermListQueryDto,
 } from './wordpress.dto';
-
-export type WordpressAuthContext = {
-  authorization?: string;
-  cookie?: string;
-  nonce?: string;
-};
-
-export type WordpressLoginResult = {
-  auth: {
-    nonce: string;
-    type: 'cookie';
-  };
-  user: any;
-};
-
-export type WordpressOptionalLoginResult =
-  | {
-      available: false;
-      error: WordpressAvailabilityError;
-      result: null;
-    }
-  | {
-      available: true;
-      error: null;
-      result: WordpressLoginResult & { cookie: string };
-    };
-
-export type WordpressAvailabilityError = {
-  error: any;
-  message: string;
-  status: number;
-};
-
-type WordpressAvailabilityCache = {
-  available: boolean;
-  checkedAt: number;
-  error?: WordpressAvailabilityError;
-};
-
-type WordpressRequestOptions = {
-  auth: WordpressAuthContext;
-  body?: Record<string, unknown>;
-  method?: 'GET' | 'POST' | 'DELETE';
-  query?: Record<string, unknown>;
-};
-
-type WordpressResponse<T> = {
-  data: T;
-  total?: number;
-};
+import type {
+  WordpressAuthContext,
+  WordpressAvailabilityCache,
+  WordpressAvailabilityError,
+  WordpressLoginResult,
+  WordpressOptionalLoginResult,
+  WordpressPagedQueryDto,
+  WordpressRequestOptions,
+  WordpressResponse,
+} from './wordpress.types';
 
 const WORDPRESS_COOKIE_PREFIXES = [
   'wordpress_',
@@ -72,19 +32,22 @@ const WORDPRESS_AUTH_COOKIE = 'kt_wordpress_auth';
 export class WordpressService {
   private availabilityCache: null | WordpressAvailabilityCache = null;
 
-  constructor(private readonly configService: ConfigService) {}
+  constructor(
+    private readonly configService: ConfigService,
+    private readonly toolsService: ToolsService,
+  ) {}
 
   getAuthContext(request: Request): WordpressAuthContext {
     const authorization =
-      this.readHeader(request, 'x-wordpress-authorization') ||
-      this.readHeader(request, 'x-wp-authorization') ||
+      this.toolsService.readHeader(request, 'x-wordpress-authorization') ||
+      this.toolsService.readHeader(request, 'x-wp-authorization') ||
       this.getForwardableAuthorization(request);
     const nonce =
-      this.readHeader(request, 'x-wp-nonce') ||
-      this.readHeader(request, 'x-wordpress-nonce');
+      this.toolsService.readHeader(request, 'x-wp-nonce') ||
+      this.toolsService.readHeader(request, 'x-wordpress-nonce');
     const cookie =
-      this.readHeader(request, 'x-wordpress-cookie') ||
-      this.readCookie(request, WORDPRESS_AUTH_COOKIE) ||
+      this.toolsService.readHeader(request, 'x-wordpress-cookie') ||
+      this.toolsService.readCookie(request, WORDPRESS_AUTH_COOKIE) ||
       this.getWordpressCookie(request.headers.cookie);
 
     return {
@@ -439,13 +402,20 @@ export class WordpressService {
         let data = await this.parseResponse(response);
 
         // 部分 WordPress 网关会拦截 DELETE；REST API 官方支持用 _method=DELETE 通过 POST 兜底。
-        if (!response.ok && response.status === 405 && options.method === 'DELETE') {
-          response = await fetch(this.getMethodOverrideUrl(urls[index], 'DELETE'), {
-            headers: this.getHeaders(options.auth, false),
-            method: 'POST',
-            redirect: 'follow',
-            signal: controller.signal,
-          });
+        if (
+          !response.ok &&
+          response.status === 405 &&
+          options.method === 'DELETE'
+        ) {
+          response = await fetch(
+            this.getMethodOverrideUrl(urls[index], 'DELETE'),
+            {
+              headers: this.getHeaders(options.auth, false),
+              method: 'POST',
+              redirect: 'follow',
+              signal: controller.signal,
+            },
+          );
           data = await this.parseResponse(response);
         }
 
@@ -460,7 +430,7 @@ export class WordpressService {
 
         if (!response.ok) {
           throwVbenError(
-            this.getErrorMessage(data, response.status),
+            this.getWordpressResponseErrorMessage(data, response.status),
             response.status,
             data,
           );
@@ -734,7 +704,7 @@ export class WordpressService {
   }
 
   private getArticleBody(body: WordpressArticleBodyDto) {
-    return this.pickDefined({
+    return this.toolsService.pickDefined({
       categories: this.normalizeIdList(body.categories),
       content: body.content,
       excerpt: body.excerpt,
@@ -748,7 +718,7 @@ export class WordpressService {
   }
 
   private getTermBody(body: WordpressTermBodyDto) {
-    return this.pickDefined({
+    return this.toolsService.pickDefined({
       description: body.description,
       name: body.name,
       parent: body.parent,
@@ -784,19 +754,6 @@ export class WordpressService {
       .join(',');
   }
 
-  private pickDefined(payload: Record<string, unknown>) {
-    return Object.entries(payload).reduce<Record<string, unknown>>(
-      (acc, [key, value]) => {
-        if (value !== undefined && value !== null && value !== '') {
-          acc[key] = value;
-        }
-
-        return acc;
-      },
-      {},
-    );
-  }
-
   private async parseResponse(response: globalThis.Response) {
     const text = await response.text();
 
@@ -809,14 +766,14 @@ export class WordpressService {
     }
   }
 
-  private getErrorMessage(data: any, status: number) {
+  private getWordpressResponseErrorMessage(data: any, status: number) {
     if (data?.message) return data.message;
     if (typeof data === 'string' && data) return data;
     return `WordPress 请求失败：${status}`;
   }
 
   private throwWordpressNetworkError(err: unknown): never {
-    const message = err instanceof Error ? err.message : '未知错误';
+    const message = this.toolsService.getErrorMessage(err, '未知错误');
     const cause = this.getErrorCause(err);
 
     // fetch 的 DNS、连接拒绝等底层异常不是 HttpException，需要统一转成业务响应。
@@ -852,7 +809,7 @@ export class WordpressService {
 
     return {
       error: err instanceof Error ? err.name : 'WordPressUnavailable',
-      message: err instanceof Error ? err.message : 'WordPress 暂不可用',
+      message: this.toolsService.getErrorMessage(err, 'WordPress 暂不可用'),
       status: HttpStatus.BAD_GATEWAY,
     };
   }
@@ -928,31 +885,11 @@ export class WordpressService {
     return '';
   }
 
-  private readHeader(request: Request, name: string) {
-    const value = request.headers[name.toLowerCase()];
-    return Array.isArray(value) ? value[0] : value;
-  }
-
-  private readCookie(request: Request, cookieName: string) {
-    const cookieHeader = request.headers.cookie || '';
-    const cookie = cookieHeader.split(';').find((item) => {
-      const [key] = item.trim().split('=');
-      return key === cookieName;
-    });
-
-    if (!cookie) return undefined;
-
-    const [, ...value] = cookie.trim().split('=');
-
-    try {
-      return decodeURIComponent(value.join('='));
-    } catch {
-      return value.join('=');
-    }
-  }
-
   private getForwardableAuthorization(request: Request) {
-    const authorization = this.readHeader(request, 'authorization');
+    const authorization = this.toolsService.readHeader(
+      request,
+      'authorization',
+    );
 
     if (!authorization || this.isLikelyAdminAuthorization(authorization)) {
       return undefined;
@@ -997,7 +934,3 @@ export class WordpressService {
     return cookies.length ? cookies.join('; ') : undefined;
   }
 }
-
-type WordpressPagedQueryDto =
-  | WordpressArticleListQueryDto
-  | WordpressTermListQueryDto;
diff --git a/src/wordpress/wordpress.types.ts b/src/wordpress/wordpress.types.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b30c058
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/wordpress/wordpress.types.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+import type {
+  WordpressArticleListQueryDto,
+  WordpressTermListQueryDto,
+} from './wordpress.dto';
+
+export type WordpressAuthContext = {
+  authorization?: string;
+  cookie?: string;
+  nonce?: string;
+};
+
+export type WordpressAvailabilityError = {
+  error: any;
+  message: string;
+  status: number;
+};
+
+export type WordpressAvailabilityCache = {
+  available: boolean;
+  checkedAt: number;
+  error?: WordpressAvailabilityError;
+};
+
+export type WordpressLoginResult = {
+  auth: {
+    nonce: string;
+    type: 'cookie';
+  };
+  user: any;
+};
+
+export type WordpressOptionalLoginResult =
+  | {
+      available: false;
+      error: WordpressAvailabilityError;
+      result: null;
+    }
+  | {
+      available: true;
+      error: null;
+      result: WordpressLoginResult & { cookie: string };
+    };
+
+export type WordpressPagedQueryDto =
+  | WordpressArticleListQueryDto
+  | WordpressTermListQueryDto;
+
+export type WordpressRequestOptions = {
+  auth: WordpressAuthContext;
+  body?: Record<string, unknown>;
+  method?: 'GET' | 'POST' | 'DELETE';
+  query?: Record<string, unknown>;
+};
+
+export type WordpressResponse<T> = {
+  data: T;
+  total?: number;
+};
diff --git a/src/admin/dict/dict.service.spec.ts b/test/admin/dict/dict.service.spec.ts
similarity index 85%
rename from src/admin/dict/dict.service.spec.ts
rename to test/admin/dict/dict.service.spec.ts
index 50571f6..c97d72b 100644
--- a/src/admin/dict/dict.service.spec.ts
+++ b/test/admin/dict/dict.service.spec.ts
@@ -1,15 +1,16 @@
-jest.mock(
-  '@/common',
-  () => ({
+jest.mock('@/common', () => {
+  const actual = jest.requireActual('@/common');
+  return {
+    ...actual,
     setDictDecodeCache: jest.fn(),
     throwVbenError: (message: string) => {
       throw new Error(message);
     },
-  }),
-  { virtual: true },
-);
+  };
+});
 
-import { DictService } from './dict.service';
+import { ToolsService } from '@/common';
+import { DictService } from '@/admin/dict/dict.service';
 
 describe('DictService', () => {
   const dictRows = [
@@ -49,9 +50,12 @@ describe('DictService', () => {
   ];
 
   function createService() {
-    return new DictService({
-      find: jest.fn().mockResolvedValue(dictRows),
-    } as any);
+    return new DictService(
+      {
+        find: jest.fn().mockResolvedValue(dictRows),
+      } as any,
+      new ToolsService(),
+    );
   }
 
   function createGroupService() {
@@ -77,9 +81,12 @@ describe('DictService', () => {
 
     return {
       builder,
-      service: new DictService({
-        createQueryBuilder: jest.fn().mockReturnValue(builder),
-      } as any),
+      service: new DictService(
+        {
+          createQueryBuilder: jest.fn().mockReturnValue(builder),
+        } as any,
+        new ToolsService(),
+      ),
     };
   }
 
diff --git a/test/app.e2e-spec.ts b/test/app.e2e-spec.ts
index c5b07e9..1baf5cd 100644
--- a/test/app.e2e-spec.ts
+++ b/test/app.e2e-spec.ts
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@ import {
   collectControllerRoutes,
   routeKey,
 } from './helpers/controller-route.helper';
+import type { RouteTestCase } from './test.types';
 
 const component = {
   id: '2041739550026043392',
@@ -56,6 +57,41 @@ const chartOptions = [
   },
 ];
 
+const dictItem = {
+  childrenCode: 'CHART',
+  dictCode: 'COMPONENT_TYPE',
+  id: '2041700000000300001',
+  label: '图表',
+  sort: 1,
+  status: 1,
+  value: '1',
+};
+
+const dictTreeItem = {
+  ...dictItem,
+  children: [
+    {
+      childrenCode: null,
+      dictCode: 'CHART',
+      id: '2041700000000300002',
+      label: '折线图',
+      sort: 1,
+      status: 1,
+      treeKey: '2041700000000300001/2041700000000300002',
+      value: '1',
+    },
+  ],
+  treeKey: '2041700000000300001',
+};
+
+const dictGroupItem = {
+  dictCode: 'COMPONENT_TYPE',
+  id: 'dict-code:COMPONENT_TYPE',
+  itemCount: 2,
+  label: 'COMPONENT_TYPE',
+  value: 'COMPONENT_TYPE',
+};
+
 const uploadResult = {
   bucketName: 'kt-template-online',
   objectName: 'uploads/demo.txt',
@@ -128,8 +164,17 @@ const unauthorizedException = () =>
   );
 
 const dictServiceMock = {
+  codes: jest.fn(),
+  getDictCodeOptions: jest.fn(),
   getDictByKey: jest.fn(),
   getComponentDictByType: jest.fn(),
+  groups: jest.fn(),
+  page: jest.fn(),
+  remove: jest.fn(),
+  save: jest.fn(),
+  toggle: jest.fn(),
+  tree: jest.fn(),
+  update: jest.fn(),
 };
 
 const minioServiceMock = {
@@ -177,9 +222,6 @@ const controllerClasses = [
 ];
 const controllerRoutes = collectControllerRoutes(controllerClasses);
 
-type HttpServer = Parameters<typeof request>[0];
-type RouteTestCase = (server: HttpServer) => Promise<void>;
-
 const routeTestCases: Record<string, RouteTestCase> = {
   'GET /': async (server) => {
     await request(server).get('/').expect(301).expect('Location', '/api#/');
@@ -347,6 +389,182 @@ const routeTestCases: Record<string, RouteTestCase> = {
     });
   },
 
+  'GET /dict/list': async (server) => {
+    dictServiceMock.page.mockResolvedValue({
+      items: [dictItem],
+      total: 1,
+    });
+
+    const response = await request(server)
+      .get('/dict/list')
+      .query({ dictCode: 'COMPONENT_TYPE', pageNo: 1, pageSize: 10 })
+      .expect(200);
+
+    expect(dictServiceMock.page).toHaveBeenCalledWith({
+      dictCode: 'COMPONENT_TYPE',
+      pageNo: '1',
+      pageSize: '10',
+    });
+    expect(response.body).toEqual({
+      code: 200,
+      msg: '操作成功',
+      data: {
+        items: [dictItem],
+        total: 1,
+      },
+    });
+  },
+
+  'GET /dict/tree': async (server) => {
+    dictServiceMock.tree.mockResolvedValue([dictTreeItem]);
+
+    const response = await request(server)
+      .get('/dict/tree')
+      .query({ dictCode: 'COMPONENT_TYPE' })
+      .expect(200);
+
+    expect(dictServiceMock.tree).toHaveBeenCalledWith({
+      dictCode: 'COMPONENT_TYPE',
+    });
+    expect(response.body).toEqual({
+      code: 200,
+      msg: '操作成功',
+      data: [dictTreeItem],
+    });
+  },
+
+  'GET /dict/groups': async (server) => {
+    dictServiceMock.groups.mockResolvedValue({
+      items: [dictGroupItem],
+      total: 1,
+    });
+
+    const response = await request(server)
+      .get('/dict/groups')
+      .query({ keyword: 'COMPONENT', pageNo: 1, pageSize: 10 })
+      .expect(200);
+
+    expect(dictServiceMock.groups).toHaveBeenCalledWith({
+      keyword: 'COMPONENT',
+      pageNo: '1',
+      pageSize: '10',
+    });
+    expect(response.body).toEqual({
+      code: 200,
+      msg: '操作成功',
+      data: {
+        items: [dictGroupItem],
+        total: 1,
+      },
+    });
+  },
+
+  'GET /dict/codes': async (server) => {
+    dictServiceMock.getDictCodeOptions.mockResolvedValue([
+      {
+        label: 'COMPONENT_TYPE',
+        value: 'COMPONENT_TYPE',
+      },
+    ]);
+
+    const response = await request(server).get('/dict/codes').expect(200);
+
+    expect(dictServiceMock.getDictCodeOptions).toHaveBeenCalledWith();
+    expect(response.body).toEqual({
+      code: 200,
+      msg: '操作成功',
+      data: [
+        {
+          label: 'COMPONENT_TYPE',
+          value: 'COMPONENT_TYPE',
+        },
+      ],
+    });
+  },
+
+  'POST /dict/save': async (server) => {
+    dictServiceMock.save.mockResolvedValue(dictItem.id);
+
+    const response = await request(server)
+      .post('/dict/save')
+      .send({
+        childrenCode: 'CHART',
+        dictCode: 'COMPONENT_TYPE',
+        label: '图表',
+        sort: 1,
+        status: 1,
+        value: '1',
+      })
+      .expect(200);
+
+    expect(dictServiceMock.save).toHaveBeenCalledWith({
+      childrenCode: 'CHART',
+      dictCode: 'COMPONENT_TYPE',
+      label: '图表',
+      sort: 1,
+      status: 1,
+      value: '1',
+    });
+    expect(response.body).toEqual({
+      code: 200,
+      msg: '操作成功',
+      data: dictItem.id,
+    });
+  },
+
+  'POST /dict/update': async (server) => {
+    dictServiceMock.update.mockResolvedValue(null);
+
+    const response = await request(server)
+      .post('/dict/update')
+      .send({
+        id: dictItem.id,
+        label: '图表',
+      })
+      .expect(200);
+
+    expect(dictServiceMock.update).toHaveBeenCalledWith({
+      id: dictItem.id,
+      label: '图表',
+    });
+    expect(response.body).toEqual({
+      code: 200,
+      msg: '操作成功',
+      data: null,
+    });
+  },
+
+  'DELETE /dict/:id': async (server) => {
+    dictServiceMock.remove.mockResolvedValue(null);
+
+    const response = await request(server)
+      .delete(`/dict/${dictItem.id}`)
+      .expect(200);
+
+    expect(dictServiceMock.remove).toHaveBeenCalledWith(dictItem.id);
+    expect(response.body).toEqual({
+      code: 200,
+      msg: '操作成功',
+      data: null,
+    });
+  },
+
+  'POST /dict/toggle': async (server) => {
+    dictServiceMock.toggle.mockResolvedValue(null);
+
+    const response = await request(server)
+      .post('/dict/toggle')
+      .query({ id: dictItem.id, status: 0 })
+      .expect(200);
+
+    expect(dictServiceMock.toggle).toHaveBeenCalledWith(dictItem.id, 0);
+    expect(response.body).toEqual({
+      code: 200,
+      msg: '操作成功',
+      data: null,
+    });
+  },
+
   'GET /minio/check': async (server) => {
     minioServiceMock.checkConnection.mockResolvedValue({
       bucketName: 'demo-bucket',
@@ -580,7 +798,9 @@ const routeTestCases: Record<string, RouteTestCase> = {
       .post('/wordpress/auth/login')
       .expect(201);
 
-    expect(wordpressServiceMock.loginWithConfiguredAdmin).toHaveBeenCalledWith();
+    expect(
+      wordpressServiceMock.loginWithConfiguredAdmin,
+    ).toHaveBeenCalledWith();
     expect(wordpressServiceMock.setAuthCookie).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
       expect.anything(),
       wordpressLoginResult.cookie,
@@ -1058,7 +1278,32 @@ describe('KT Template Online API (e2e)', () => {
     expect(response.body).toEqual({
       code: 400,
       msg: '操作失败',
-      err: false,
+      err: 'false',
+    });
+  });
+
+  it('serializes object error details as a string for frontend parsing', async () => {
+    wordpressServiceMock.checkAuth.mockRejectedValue(
+      new HttpException(
+        {
+          msg: 'WordPress 请求失败',
+          err: {
+            code: 'WORDPRESS_NETWORK_ERROR',
+            message: 'connect ECONNREFUSED 127.0.0.1:8080',
+          },
+        },
+        HttpStatus.BAD_GATEWAY,
+      ),
+    );
+
+    const response = await request(app.getHttpServer())
+      .get('/wordpress/auth/check')
+      .expect(502);
+
+    expect(response.body).toEqual({
+      code: 502,
+      msg: 'WordPress 请求失败',
+      err: 'connect ECONNREFUSED 127.0.0.1:8080',
     });
   });
 
@@ -1089,9 +1334,7 @@ describe('KT Template Online API (e2e)', () => {
     jest.clearAllMocks();
     authServiceMock.currentUser.mockRejectedValue(unauthorizedException());
 
-    await request(app.getHttpServer())
-      .get('/wordpress/auth/check')
-      .expect(401);
+    await request(app.getHttpServer()).get('/wordpress/auth/check').expect(401);
 
     expect(wordpressServiceMock.checkAuth).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
   });
diff --git a/test/helpers/controller-route.helper.ts b/test/helpers/controller-route.helper.ts
index d7ac31a..8ecc8dd 100644
--- a/test/helpers/controller-route.helper.ts
+++ b/test/helpers/controller-route.helper.ts
@@ -1,12 +1,6 @@
 import { RequestMethod, Type } from '@nestjs/common';
 import { METHOD_METADATA, PATH_METADATA } from '@nestjs/common/constants';
-
-export interface ControllerRoute {
-  controllerName: string;
-  handlerName: string;
-  method: string;
-  path: string;
-}
+import type { ControllerRoute } from '../test.types';
 
 const requestMethodMap: Partial<Record<RequestMethod, string>> = {
   [RequestMethod.GET]: 'GET',
diff --git a/src/qqbot/account/qqbot-napcat-login.service.spec.ts b/test/qqbot/account/qqbot-napcat-login.service.spec.ts
similarity index 63%
rename from src/qqbot/account/qqbot-napcat-login.service.spec.ts
rename to test/qqbot/account/qqbot-napcat-login.service.spec.ts
index 73b2c0e..a0cc099 100644
--- a/src/qqbot/account/qqbot-napcat-login.service.spec.ts
+++ b/test/qqbot/account/qqbot-napcat-login.service.spec.ts
@@ -1,25 +1,25 @@
-jest.mock(
-  '@/common',
-  () => ({
-    ensureSnowflakeId: jest.fn(),
-    setDictDecodeCache: jest.fn(),
-    throwVbenError: (message: string) => {
-      throw new Error(message);
-    },
-  }),
-  { virtual: true },
-);
+jest.mock('@/common', () => ({
+  ToolsService: jest.requireActual('@/common').ToolsService,
+  ensureSnowflakeId: jest.fn(),
+  setDictDecodeCache: jest.fn(),
+  throwVbenError: (message: string) => {
+    throw new Error(message);
+  },
+}));
 
 import { ConfigService } from '@nestjs/config';
-import { QqbotNapcatContainerService } from '../napcat/qqbot-napcat-container.service';
-import { QqbotAccountService } from './qqbot-account.service';
-import { QqbotNapcatLoginService } from './qqbot-napcat-login.service';
+import { ToolsService } from '@/common';
+import { QqbotAccountService } from '@/qqbot/account/qqbot-account.service';
+import { QqbotNapcatLoginService } from '@/qqbot/account/qqbot-napcat-login.service';
+import { QqbotNapcatContainerService } from '@/qqbot/napcat/qqbot-napcat-container.service';
 
 describe('QqbotNapcatLoginService', () => {
+  const toolsService = new ToolsService();
   const service = new QqbotNapcatLoginService(
     { get: jest.fn() } as unknown as ConfigService,
     {} as QqbotAccountService,
     {} as QqbotNapcatContainerService,
+    toolsService,
   );
 
   beforeEach(() => {
@@ -75,6 +75,7 @@ describe('QqbotNapcatLoginService', () => {
       { get: jest.fn() } as unknown as ConfigService,
       accountService as unknown as QqbotAccountService,
       containerService as unknown as QqbotNapcatContainerService,
+      new ToolsService(),
     );
     const startScan = jest
       .spyOn(refreshService as any, 'startScan')
@@ -121,12 +122,102 @@ describe('QqbotNapcatLoginService', () => {
     const result = await service.refreshQrcode('session-refresh-qrcode');
 
     expect(result.qrcode).toBe('new-qrcode');
-    expect((service as any).getQrcode).toHaveBeenCalledWith(container, true, {
+    expect((service as any).getQrcode).toHaveBeenCalledWith(container, false, {
       requireFresh: true,
       staleQrcode: 'old-qrcode',
     });
   });
 
+  it('keeps the refresh session pending when NapCat is still regenerating qrcode', async () => {
+    (service as any).sessions.set('session-pending-qrcode', {
+      containerId: 'container-pending',
+      containerName: 'napcat-pending',
+      createdAt: Date.now(),
+      expiresAt: Date.now() + 60_000,
+      id: 'session-pending-qrcode',
+      mode: 'refresh',
+      qrcode: 'old-qrcode',
+      status: 'pending',
+      webuiPort: 6105,
+    });
+    jest
+      .spyOn(service as any, 'getSessionContainer')
+      .mockResolvedValue({ id: 'container-pending' });
+    jest.spyOn(service as any, 'getLoginStatus').mockResolvedValue({
+      isLogin: false,
+      qrcodeurl: 'old-qrcode',
+    });
+    jest
+      .spyOn(service as any, 'callRefreshQrcode')
+      .mockRejectedValue(new Error('NapCat 二维码仍未刷新'));
+
+    const result = await service.refreshQrcode('session-pending-qrcode');
+
+    expect(result.status).toBe('pending');
+    expect(result.qrcode).toBeUndefined();
+    expect(result.errorMessage).toContain('正在重新生成二维码');
+  });
+
+  it('normalizes login status to offline when login info reports offline', async () => {
+    jest
+      .spyOn(service as any, 'postNapcat')
+      .mockResolvedValueOnce({ isLogin: true, qrcodeurl: 'old-qrcode' })
+      .mockResolvedValueOnce({ online: false, uin: '10001' });
+
+    const result = await (service as any).getLoginStatus({
+      id: 'container-offline',
+    });
+
+    expect(result).toEqual(
+      expect.objectContaining({
+        isLogin: false,
+        isOffline: true,
+      }),
+    );
+  });
+
+  it('restarts container and returns pending when refresh login status is effectively offline', async () => {
+    const refreshService = new QqbotNapcatLoginService(
+      { get: jest.fn() } as unknown as ConfigService,
+      {} as QqbotAccountService,
+      {} as QqbotNapcatContainerService,
+      new ToolsService(),
+    );
+    jest
+      .spyOn(refreshService as any, 'cleanupSessions')
+      .mockResolvedValue(null);
+    jest.spyOn(refreshService as any, 'getLoginStatus').mockResolvedValue({
+      isLogin: false,
+      isOffline: true,
+      loginError: 'NapCat 账号已离线',
+      qrcodeurl: 'old-qrcode',
+    });
+    const restartNapcatForLogin = jest
+      .spyOn(refreshService as any, 'restartNapcatForLogin')
+      .mockResolvedValue(undefined);
+
+    const result = await (refreshService as any).startScan(
+      {
+        accountId: 'account-1',
+        expectedSelfId: '10001',
+        mode: 'refresh',
+      },
+      {
+        baseUrl: 'http://127.0.0.1:6105/',
+        id: 'container-offline',
+        name: 'napcat-10001',
+      },
+    );
+
+    expect(result.status).toBe('pending');
+    expect(result.qrcode).toBeUndefined();
+    expect(result.errorMessage).toBe('NapCat 账号已离线');
+    expect(restartNapcatForLogin).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+      expect.objectContaining({ id: 'container-offline' }),
+      { waitForReady: false },
+    );
+  });
+
   it('restarts the existing NapCat container before qrcode refresh when account is kicked offline', async () => {
     const container = {
       baseUrl: 'http://127.0.0.1:6103/',
@@ -140,8 +231,11 @@ describe('QqbotNapcatLoginService', () => {
       { get: jest.fn() } as unknown as ConfigService,
       {} as QqbotAccountService,
       containerService as unknown as QqbotNapcatContainerService,
+      new ToolsService(),
     );
-    jest.spyOn(refreshService as any, 'sleep').mockResolvedValue(undefined);
+    jest
+      .spyOn((refreshService as any).toolsService, 'sleep')
+      .mockResolvedValue(undefined);
     jest.spyOn(refreshService as any, 'getLoginStatus').mockResolvedValue({
       isLogin: false,
       qrcodeurl: 'new-status-qrcode',
@@ -181,7 +275,9 @@ describe('QqbotNapcatLoginService', () => {
   });
 
   it('retries while NapCat still exposes the stale qrcode', async () => {
-    jest.spyOn(service as any, 'sleep').mockResolvedValue(undefined);
+    jest
+      .spyOn((service as any).toolsService, 'sleep')
+      .mockResolvedValue(undefined);
     jest
       .spyOn(service as any, 'postNapcat')
       .mockResolvedValueOnce({ qrcode: 'old-qrcode' })
diff --git a/src/qqbot/command/qqbot-command-parser.service.spec.ts b/test/qqbot/command/qqbot-command-parser.service.spec.ts
similarity index 90%
rename from src/qqbot/command/qqbot-command-parser.service.spec.ts
rename to test/qqbot/command/qqbot-command-parser.service.spec.ts
index 84fadb4..00ea858 100644
--- a/src/qqbot/command/qqbot-command-parser.service.spec.ts
+++ b/test/qqbot/command/qqbot-command-parser.service.spec.ts
@@ -7,9 +7,9 @@ jest.mock(
   { virtual: true },
 );
 
-import { DictService } from '../../admin/dict/dict.service';
-import { QqbotCommandParserService } from './qqbot-command-parser.service';
-import type { QqbotCommand } from './qqbot-command.entity';
+import { DictService } from '@/admin/dict/dict.service';
+import type { QqbotCommand } from '@/qqbot/command/qqbot-command.entity';
+import { QqbotCommandParserService } from '@/qqbot/command/qqbot-command-parser.service';
 
 describe('QqbotCommandParserService FFLogs parser', () => {
   const command = {
diff --git a/src/qqbot/plugins/ff14Market/qqbot-ff14-worlds.spec.ts b/test/qqbot/plugins/ff14Market/qqbot-ff14-worlds.spec.ts
similarity index 97%
rename from src/qqbot/plugins/ff14Market/qqbot-ff14-worlds.spec.ts
rename to test/qqbot/plugins/ff14Market/qqbot-ff14-worlds.spec.ts
index 82606d4..f7b974c 100644
--- a/src/qqbot/plugins/ff14Market/qqbot-ff14-worlds.spec.ts
+++ b/test/qqbot/plugins/ff14Market/qqbot-ff14-worlds.spec.ts
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import {
   buildQqbotFf14MarketCatalog,
   buildQqbotFf14MarketCatalogFromTree,
   resolveQqbotFf14MarketTarget,
-} from './qqbot-ff14-worlds';
+} from '@/qqbot/plugins/ff14Market/qqbot-ff14-worlds';
 
 describe('qqbot ff14 market worlds', () => {
   const catalog = buildQqbotFf14MarketCatalog({
diff --git a/src/qqbot/plugins/fflogs/qqbot-fflogs-client.service.spec.ts b/test/qqbot/plugins/fflogs/qqbot-fflogs-client.service.spec.ts
similarity index 96%
rename from src/qqbot/plugins/fflogs/qqbot-fflogs-client.service.spec.ts
rename to test/qqbot/plugins/fflogs/qqbot-fflogs-client.service.spec.ts
index 9be98bd..4b08157 100644
--- a/src/qqbot/plugins/fflogs/qqbot-fflogs-client.service.spec.ts
+++ b/test/qqbot/plugins/fflogs/qqbot-fflogs-client.service.spec.ts
@@ -8,8 +8,8 @@ jest.mock(
 );
 
 import { ConfigService } from '@nestjs/config';
-import { DictService } from '../../../admin/dict/dict.service';
-import { QqbotFflogsClientService } from './qqbot-fflogs-client.service';
+import { DictService } from '@/admin/dict/dict.service';
+import { QqbotFflogsClientService } from '@/qqbot/plugins/fflogs/qqbot-fflogs-client.service';
 
 describe('QqbotFflogsClientService', () => {
   const dicts = {
diff --git a/test/test.types.ts b/test/test.types.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8b42438
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/test.types.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+import request = require('supertest');
+
+export type ControllerRoute = {
+  controllerName: string;
+  handlerName: string;
+  method: string;
+  path: string;
+};
+
+export type HttpServer = Parameters<typeof request>[0];
+
+export type RouteTestCase = (server: HttpServer) => Promise<void>;